抗逆转录病毒药物应成艾滋病预防研究重点
作者: 来源:科学与发展网络 发布者: 刘斌 日期: 2008-12-17
卫生专家说，在疫苗和杀微生物剂都在试验中失败后，预防艾滋病的研究需要把重点放在抗逆转录病毒药物上。
《柳叶刀》杂志12月6日发表了一种阴道杀微生物剂凝胶没能保护妇女不受艾滋病病毒感染的结果。与此同时，11月13日有报告说最有希望的艾滋病候选疫苗之一也没能保护人体不受该病毒的感染。
杀微生物剂Carraguard在南非进行的一项随机试验中接受了评估，有大约6000名性活跃的未感染艾滋病病毒的女性参与了该试验。
在2年试验期结束的时候，Carraguard组有134人感染，安慰剂组有151人感染。此外，只有42%的性活动使用了这种杀微生物剂。这些结果于今年2月发布，而这项研究刚刚发表。
“这是一个强有力的试验，试验做得非常好，”位于美国北卡罗来纳州的家庭健康国际组织研究员Willard Cates在《柳叶刀》的一篇评论文章中说。
“但是我认为有把握说Carraguard作为单一的杀微生物剂并不起作用，”他说。“如果用另一种产品加以补充，例如一种抗逆转录病毒药物，（Carraguard）有可能起作用。下一个层次的研究将很有趣。”
Cates写道，艾滋病预防研究的下一个前沿将是对用抗逆转录病毒药物预防艾滋病病毒进行评估。
在默克公司开发的疫苗的试验中，试验组比对照组的感染率更高。
肯尼亚艾滋病疫苗项目（KAVI）的项目负责人Omu Anzala说，这项结果将会把他们重新送回起点，因为KAVI和许多其它艾滋病疫苗研究团体正在用类似于默克的方法开发疫苗。
“默克的试验影响了许多其它试验。这确实是对所有艾滋病研究者的清凉剂。在KAVI，我们可能不会继续进行试验，直到我们回顾了我们的研究，从而更好地理解免疫学和病毒学问题，”他说。
Cates说，艾滋病预防界并没有失去找到一种疫苗的希望。但是考虑到这个进展的时间长短不明，艾滋病预防界需要考虑通过联合不同的治疗方法预防该病。
他说，这应该既包括行为干预也包括研究干预，两者可以相互促进。“我们需要ABC-Z——艾滋病预防的全面手段。不存在什么神奇的方法。每种方法（自身）其实只提供了部分的防护。”（来源：科学与发展网络 Naomi Antony and Zablon Odhiambo）
作者:
来源: 科学与发展网络
发布者: 刘斌
Author: Source: Science and Development Network publisher: Liu Bin Date: 2008-12-17
Health experts say the vaccine and microbicide trials have failed to prevent AIDS research needs to focus on anti-retroviral drugs.
"The Lancet" magazine published on December 6, a vaginal microbicide gel failed to protect women from HIV infection. At the same time, on November 13 have reported that the most promising candidate AIDS vaccine failed to protect one of the human body from the infection.
Microbicide Carraguard in South Africa carried out a randomized trial to accept the assessment, there are some 6,000 active-infection with HIV is not the participation of women in the trial.
2-year trial period at the end, Carraguard group of 134 people infected in the placebo group, 151 people were infected. In addition, only 42% of the activities of the use of such a microbicide. These results are published in February this year, and this study has just been published.
"This is a strong trial has done very well" in the United States, the North Carolina Family Health researcher of international organizations Willard Cates in "The Lancet" said a commentary in the article.
"But I think the certainty that the Carraguard as a single microbicides and does not work," he said. "If another product to be added, such as an anti-retroviral drugs, (Carraguard) may play a role. The next level of study will be very interesting."
Cates wrote that the AIDS prevention study will be the next frontier is to use anti-retroviral drugs to prevent HIV assessment.
Merck in the development of the vaccine trials, the test group than the control group, the higher infection rate.
Kenya AIDS Vaccine Project (KAVI) project leader of the Omu Anzala said that the results will be sent back to their starting point, because KAVI and many other AIDS vaccine research group is using methods similar to Merck's vaccine development.
"Merck's trial affected many other tests. This is for all AIDS researchers refresher. In KAVI, we may not continue testing until we look back on our research, and thus a better understanding of immunology and Virology, "he said.
Cates said that the AIDS prevention community has not lost hope of finding a vaccine. However, taking into account the progress of unknown length of time, AIDS prevention community needs to consider the adoption of a joint of different treatment regimens to prevent the disease.
He said that this should include both behavioral intervention research also includes intervention, the two can be mutually reinforcing. "We need to ABC-Z - comprehensive means of AIDS prevention. What magic does not exist. Each method (self-) In fact, the only part of the protection." (Source: Science and Development Network Naomi Antony and Zablon Odhiambo)
Author:
Source: Science and Development Network
Publisher: Liu Bin