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联合国儿基会：非洲每年愈460万5岁以下儿童夭折
2009年06月17日 01:10:16 来源：新华网
新华网卢萨卡６月１６日电（记者海明威 穆东）６月１６日是“国际非洲儿童日”。联合国儿童基金会（儿基会）当天发表新闻公报说，尽管非洲各国与国际社会作出了努力，非洲每年仍有超过４６０万５岁以下儿童夭折，拯救非洲儿童生命的行动仍然任重道远。
联合国儿基会驻赞比亚代表处提供的新闻公报说，许多非洲国家近年来在降低儿童夭折率方面取得了显著进步，例如，２０００年至２００７年间，撒哈拉以南非洲国家的儿童麻疹致死率已经降低了８９％。此外，自１９９０年以来，厄立特里亚、埃塞俄比亚、马拉维和尼日尔等国的５岁以下儿童死亡率已降低４０％。
联合国儿基会执行主任安·维尼曼说：“随着社区医疗系统的逐步到位，许多（非洲国家）的年轻生命可以并且已经得到拯救。这样的成绩必须得到巩固和扩大。”
儿基会同时认为，拯救非洲儿童生命的行动仍然任重道远，拯救行动应从以下几方面入手：提高产前和产中的保护水平；出生早期以母乳喂养为主；通过为婴儿注射疫苗以获得免疫能力；使儿童摄取足够的营养；有效预防与治疗疟疾；保护母婴免受艾滋病威胁；提高饮用水质量；提升当地卫生设施与医疗水平。
儿基会说，在非洲联盟的请求下，该组织已与世界卫生组织、世界银行、联合国人口基金会一道制定了支持非洲国家减少母婴死亡率的战略框架计划。
１９９１年６月１３日，联合国儿童基金会宣布将每年６月１６日定为国际非洲儿童日，旨在让人们了解非洲儿童所遭受的饥饿、战争、贫穷、疾病等苦难。
UNICEF United Nations: Africa 4,600,005 each year more children under the age of mortality
June 17, 2009 01:10:16 Source: Xinhua
Xinhua Lusaka June 16 (Xinhua MU Dong Hemingway) June 16 is the "International Day of the African Child." United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) issued a press release said that although African countries and the efforts of the international community, Africa is still a year more than 4,600,005 children under the age of mortality, to save the lives of African children are still a long way to go up.
UNICEF United Nations office in Zambia to provide the press release said that many African countries in recent years in reducing child mortality rate has made significant progress, for example, from 2000 to 2007, the sub-Saharan Africa the death rate of children against measles has been reduced 89%. In addition, since 1990, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Malawi and Niger's children under age 5 mortality rate has been reduced by 40%.
United Nations UNICEF Executive Director Ann M. Veneman said: "With the progressive community medical system in place, many (African countries) and of young lives could have been saved. This has been achieved must be consolidated and expanded."
UNICEF also believes that to save the lives of African children are still a long way to go up, the rescue operation from the following aspects: to improve prenatal and production level of protection; born mainly of early breast-feeding; for infant vaccination for immunity ; so that intake of adequate nutrition for children; effective prevention and treatment of malaria; the protection of maternal and child from the threat of AIDS; to improve the quality of drinking water; to upgrade local health facilities and medical standards.
UNICEF said that the request of the African Union, the organization has with the World Health Organization, the World Bank, United Nations Population Fund to develop a support African countries in reducing infant and maternal mortality strategic framework plan.
June 13, 1991, United Nations Children's Fund announced on June 16 each year as the International Day of the African Child, is to enable people to understand African children suffered hunger, war, poverty, disease, suffering and so on.
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