儿基会:五岁以下儿童死亡率2008年延续下降趋势
2009年09月11日 10:32 来源:中国新闻网
中新网9月11日电 据联合国网站报道,联合国儿童基金会9月10日发布的报告指出,五岁以下儿童的死亡率在2008年延续了近20年来的下降趋势。平均每千例活产儿中的死亡人数由1990年的90例降至65例,五岁以下的儿童死亡人数由1990年的1250万减少为880万。
报告称,免疫接种、用于预防疟疾的驱虫蚊帐、维生素A补充剂等关键卫生干预措施的增加是五岁以下儿童死亡率连年下降的主要原因。
报告指出,几乎全球各个区域都出现了进展,包括一些最不发达国家。以马拉维为例,该国是五岁以下儿童死亡率最高的十个国家之一,1990年平均每千例活产儿中有225例死亡,但2008年已下降到100例。目前该国已步入正轨,有望如期实现千年发展目标中到2015年将五岁以下儿童死亡率降低三分之二的目标。尼泊尔、厄立特里亚、老挝、蒙古和玻利维亚的五岁以下儿童死亡率每年也以4.5%或更高的速度下降。
尽管如此,报告强调,全球在降低五岁以下儿童死亡率方面取得的进展仍不足以实现千年发展目标中提出的要求。
每年在五岁以前死亡的儿童有93%生活在非洲和亚洲,40%集中在印度、尼日利亚和刚果民主共和国这三个国家。有些国家在降低儿童死亡率方面的进展迟缓,南非甚至不降反升,这与该国是世界上女性艾滋病感染者最多的国家有关,因为母亲的健康与孩子的健康密切相关。
UNICEF will: under-five child mortality rate in 2008 continued a downward trend in
At 10:32 on September 11, 2009 Source: China News Net
BEIJING, September 11, according to Xinhua website reported that the United Nations Children's Fund September 10 published reports that the mortality rate of children under five in 2008, lasted nearly 20 years of a downward trend. Average per thousand live births in the number of deaths in 1990 to 90 cases to 65 cases, the number of deaths of children under five in 1990 to 12.5 million from reduced to 8.8 million.
Report, immunization, insecticide-treated nets for malaria prevention, vitamin A supplementation of key health interventions such as the increase in under-five child mortality rates declined year by year the main reason.
The report notes that almost all regions of the world's progress have emerged, including some of the most least developed countries. In Malawi, for example, that the country is the highest under-five child mortality rate, one of ten countries in 1990, per thousand live births in 225 deaths, but in 2008 had dropped to 100 cases. At present the country has the right track, is expected to achieve the Millennium Development Goals on schedule by 2015 two-thirds of under-five child mortality reduction targets. Nepal, Eritrea, Laos, Mongolia and Bolivia under-five child mortality rate by 4.5% every year or more slowed down.
Nevertheless, the report emphasized that global under-five child mortality rate in reducing the progress made is still insufficient to achieve the Millennium Development Goals requests.
Each year of children dying before the age of five, 93% live in Africa and Asia, 40% concentrated in India, Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of the three countries. Some countries in reducing child mortality, slow progress in South Africa, or even rise, not fall, which the country is the world's women living with HIV than any other country, since the mother's health and children's health are closely linked.
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