泰国防治艾滋病成效显著


泰国防治艾滋病成效显著

 
 
 
 
 
泰国防治艾滋病成效显著
2010年07月21日 22:07:56  来源: 新华网 
 
 
 
 

    新华网曼谷7月21日电(记者 朱丽)很少有发展中国家在艾滋病防治方面像泰国这样卓有成效。过去30年来泰国有效遏制艾滋病病毒的传播速度,提高艾滋病患者接受治疗的比例,在疫苗研究方面也取得显著进展。但泰国的经验同时表明,人类抗击艾滋病的斗争还远未成功。

    泰国首例艾滋病病例出现于1984年,起初数年里并未引起政府和公众足够的重视,导致感染者数量急剧上升。到1991年,泰国艾滋病病毒新增感染人数达到14万人。从这一年开始,泰国政府采取了一系列措施来控制艾滋病病毒传播。

    首先,全国艾滋病防控计划的管理权由卫生部上交至总理府,以便统筹协调和政令规章的贯彻。泰国于整个20世纪90年代在全国开展防控艾滋病宣传运动,488家无线电台和6家电视台每隔1小时向公众播放1分钟的防治艾滋病宣传节目,每个学校都被要求开设防治艾滋病的课程。

    泰国采取的最重要且至今被疾病防控业界支持的一项措施是“100%安全套计划”。疾病防控部门在可能存在性交易的场所免费发放安全套,并强令某些特殊人群必须使用安全套。这一做法在泰国取得很大成功,并且被其他一些国家借鉴。联合国艾滋病规划署在2006年发布的报告指出,如果没有推行这一计划,泰国的艾滋病病毒感染人数可能是现在的10倍以上。

    由于较成功地采取了一系列防控措施,泰国每年新增艾滋病病毒感染人数从1991年的14万人降至2003年的1.9万人。全国人口的艾滋病病毒感染率也从1993年的超过2%降至2003年的1.8%,并在2007年进一步降至1.4%。

    另一方面,泰国注重艾滋病患者的治疗和福利。2003年泰国启动了一项大规模的艾滋病防治计划,先后有大约5万名艾滋病病毒感染者在接受病毒检测和病情评估后,获准向卫生部门免费领取有助于抵御艾滋病病毒危害的抗生素。

    泰国也是亚洲首批对艾滋病病毒感染者提供一线和二线抗逆转录病毒药物治疗的国家之一。2002年泰国实现了抗逆转录病毒药物国产化,大幅降低感染者每月的治疗费用,使得有能力承受治疗的感染者迅速增加。

    泰国还积极参与艾滋病疫苗研究。去年9月,泰国和美国研究人员宣布,他们研制的一种“联合疫苗”可将人体感染艾滋病病毒的风险降低31.2%,被称为艾滋病防疫史上的重要突破。

    尽管如此,泰国在艾滋病防治方面仍然面临严峻挑战。依据泰国政府的统计数字,截至2010年1月该国仍有约36万名艾滋病病毒感染者,平均一年新增感染人数约1.2万人,远未达到之前制定的2011年新增感染者降至每年5000人的战略目标。泰国卫生部已宣布在2010年向公众免费发放3000万个安全套,并表示15岁至19岁的女性将是艾滋病预防和宣传的重点对象。

    泰国活动家、“100%安全套计划”发起人米猜·威拉韦耶说,目前泰国遏制艾滋病病毒传播的战斗与20世纪80年代末面临的严峻形势一样,唯一的差别在于重点防控对象是新一代年轻人。

July 21, 2010 22:07:56 Source: Xinhua
 
 
 
    
Xinhua Bangkok, July 21 (Xinhua Jolie) Few developing countries like Thailand, AIDS prevention and treatment effective. Thailand over the past 30 years, effectively curb the spread of HIV, increase the proportion of AIDS patients receiving treatment in vaccine research has also made significant progress. However, Thailand's experience also shows that the human fight against AIDS is far from successful.

    
Thailand's first AIDS cases appeared in 1984, the first few years was not enough the Government and the public attention, leading to a sharp rise in the number of infected persons. By 1991, the number of new infections of HIV in Thailand to 14 people. Starting this year, the Thai government adopted a series of measures to control the AIDS virus.

    
First of all, the National AIDS Control Programme management to the Prime Minister handed over by the Ministry of Health to coordinate the implementation of regulations and orders. Thailand in the 90s throughout the 20th century in the nationwide campaign of AIDS prevention and control, 488 radio stations and six television stations broadcast to the public every 1 hour 1 minute HIV advocacy programs, each school was asked to set up programs to combat AIDS .

    
Thailand has taken the most important and is the industry's support of a disease control measure is "100% condom program." Disease prevention and control department may place the sex trade free condoms, and some special people to be compelled to use condoms. This approach achieved great success in Thailand, and reference by other countries. UNAIDS report released in 2006 that if not implemented the plan, the number of HIV infections in Thailand may be more than 10 times now.

    
As the more successful in taking a series of control measures, annual new HIV infections in Thailand increased from 14 million in 1991 fell to 1.9 million in 2003. HIV infection rate in the country's population from 1993 to more than 2% to 1.8% in 2003 and in 2007 further reduced to 1.4%.

    
On the other hand, focus on AIDS treatment in Thailand and well-being. 2003, Thailand launched a large-scale AIDS prevention program, has about 50,000 people living with HIV receiving virus detection and disease assessment, allowed to contribute to the health department free of charge to receive antibiotics against HIV harm.

    
Thailand is Asia's first HIV-infected persons on first-and second-line antiretroviral therapy, one of the countries. In 2002, Thailand achieved localization of antiretroviral drugs, significantly reduce the costs of treating infections per month, making it able to withstand the treatment of infected people is increasing rapidly.

    
Thailand is also actively involved in AIDS vaccine research. Last September, Thailand and the U.S. researchers announced that they developed a "vaccine" may be the body reduce the risk of HIV infection 31.2%, known as the AIDS epidemic in the history of an important breakthrough.

    
However, Thailand still faces AIDS challenges. According to the Thai government's statistics, as of January 2010 in the country, about 360,000 HIV infected persons, the average number of new infections a year about 1.2 million people, far from the set before the new infections in 2011 were reduced to 5,000 people each year strategic goals. The ministry has announced to the public in 2010, 30 million condoms distributed free of charge, and said the 15-year-old to 19-year-old woman will be the focus of AIDS prevention and advocacy targets.

    
Thai activists, "100% condom program" sponsor Meechai Viravaidhya that the current spread of HIV in Thailand to contain the fighting and the 20th century, the late 80s, like the grim situation facing the only difference is that the focus of prevention and control objects is a new generation of young men.
 
 
 
 
 

[ 作者:佚名    转贴自:本站原创    点击数:196    更新时间:2010-7-22    文章录入:nnb ]