科学家发现艾滋病病毒外层糖分子链结构独特

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科学家发现艾滋病病毒外层糖分子链结构独特

 
　
　
　
 
科学家发现艾滋病病毒外层糖分子链结构独特
   
科技部门户网站  www.most.gov.cn      2010年07月28日     来源：科技日报 来源：科技日报
   

 

    英国牛津大学网站近日发布新闻公报称，该校领导的一个国际研究小组研究发现，艾滋病病毒（HIV）外层包裹的糖分子链结构独特且十分稳定，这与人体其他细胞完全不同。研究人员指出，可利用这个特点开发新型艾滋病疫苗，以使人体免疫系统能够识别易变的HIV，并对抗感染。

　　来自英国牛津大学、美国加州斯克里普斯研究所和马萨诸塞州波士顿Ragon研究所的研究人员组成的国际研究小组，对来自世界不同地区的HIV进行了分析。他们从各种HIV-1活体病毒样本中剥离出碳水化合物层（糖衣），在对其化学结构进行分析后发现，这种糖存在于所有的HIV-1病毒及其进化枝中，其结构是独一无二的，与人体细胞中的其他糖形式完全不同。   

　　研究人员还发现，目前开发中的艾滋病疫苗的糖结构与HIV中的糖结构并不一样，因此可能导致这些疫苗无法完全模拟HIV。 

　　领导此项研究的英国牛津大学克里斯·斯坎伦博士指出，病毒外层包裹的紧密糖衣被称做“碳水化合物伪装层”，因为这个糖链看起来和人体细胞外层糖链一样，一般情况下很难被免疫系统识别。而新发现表明，HIV的这种伪装是有缺陷的，HIV上糖的特殊性或许提供了攻击病毒的机会。通过疫苗配方中设置的危险信号，可以迫使免疫系统注意这种特殊的糖结构，从而识别HIV。斯坎伦博士称，一些癌症疫苗的开发就是利用了这种方法。

　　斯坎伦博士指出，HIV极其易变，一个HIV感染者体内病毒在一天之内的变化，比整个英国一个流感季节流感病毒的变化还要多。这种病毒易变性对于开发艾滋病疫苗来说是个不小的挑战。而发现HIV外层糖链的特殊性，将有助于找到一种开发艾滋病疫苗的新方法。   

　　该研究成果刊发在最近一期《美国国家科学院院刊》上。
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  • Scientists have found HIV outer sugar chain structure of the unique
      
    Science and Technology Portal www.most.gov.cn 2010 年 07 月 28 First Stage: Science and Technology Daily
      

            Oxford University website has issued a press release, the school led by an international team of researchers found that AIDS virus (HIV) the outer wrapping of the sugar chain structure is unique and very stable, which is completely different from other body cells. The researchers pointed out that this feature can be used develop a new AIDS vaccine, so that the immune system can recognize volatile HIV, and fight infection.

    From Oxford University, California, Scripps Research Institute and the Massachusetts Institute of Boston researchers Ragon, an international research team, from different parts of the world's HIV were analyzed. They have a variety of HIV-1 live virus samples were separated from carbohydrates layer (sugar) in its chemical structure analysis found that the sugar exists in all the HIV-1 virus and its evolutionary branches, its structure is unique, and other human cells in different forms of sugar.

    The researchers also found that the current development of AIDS vaccines and HIV in the sugar structure of the sugar structure is different, and may cause these vaccines can not be completely simulated HIV.

    Led the study, University of Oxford 克里斯斯坎 Lunbo Shi pointed out that the virus, closely wrapped in sugar-coated outer layer is called "carbohydrate mask layer", because the sugar chain and human cells look the same as the outer sugar chain, the general and difficult to be immune system recognition. The new findings suggest that, HIV this camouflage is defective, HIV on the sugar specificity may provide an opportunity to attack the virus. Vaccine formulations set a dangerous signal to force the immune system note that this particular sugar structure to identify HIV. Dr. Scanlon said the number of cancer vaccine development is to use this approach.

    Dr. Scanlon noted, HIV is extremely variable, an HIV virus infection in vivo changes in one day than the entire UK a change of influenza virus influenza season even more. Variability of this virus for the development of an AIDS vaccine is not a small challenge. The outer sugar chain found in the particularity of HIV will help to find a new method of developing an AIDS vaccine.

    The research published in the latest issue of "U.S. National Academy of Sciences" on.

　
 
 
 
　

［ 作者：佚名    转贴自：本站原创    点击数：196    更新时间：2010-7-28    文章录入：nnb ］