Renaissance refers to the restoration of the tradition of Ancien Greece and Ancien Roman, which indicates that the era and space where it had happened is somewhere the old and glorious tradition didn't show its apperance. Between the Ancient Ages and the Renaissance is the Middle Age, which has its very peculiar regilious feature, the Christian Religion's development and dominance. When it is the time of 1400, however, things got changed, which finally resulted in Renaissance.

First, the corruption of the Church. The church did something wrong severely especially in personal moral behaviour, which goes directly contravatory to the holy identity and resposiblity. As you can imagine, the common was shocked and extremely impaitent to these scandle. Besides, the Institutional Philosophy had falled into the stiff pattern of formalim, which just focused on the Materalism and Nomology issues, and lost its original power to conduct substancial and human inquiry. Still, it is true that almost all the high ranks of the church was addicate to the civil wealth and honor, as to the property, we cound discern the same degree and craziness as the civil members.

Second, there were some interesting new phenomenon in Italia. The new economical business and industrial has been set up, the transportantion and communication has widely performed, in order to raise money to contune this and to make these more and more important things went well, which required a kind spirit of realism, athe spirit to concern the real life.

意大利当时经济上的进步程度无人能出其右，同样的，这种精神气质的转换也比欧洲其它地方早上半个世纪，甚至一个世纪。因此，文艺复兴不是一次事件那么简单，而是一个时期。一个差不多可以横跨一个世纪的伟大的“复兴”时代。

复兴的是古希腊与古罗马再次自然关注人的生理与心理状态，人的社会组织形式，人本身的状态的这样一种取向。如果你还记得亚里士多德研究过生物学，逻辑学，虽然也谈论神，但是是以多么不同于中世纪的眼光的话，你哦就会明白，这确实是一种转变。同时，这种情况也是更像过渡色的演变一样，而非直接一蹴而就的。意大利的此种萌芽在12世纪但丁之时就为世人所承认，可是直到15世纪下半叶，许多西欧国家却仍旧迷恋于歧视传说，宗教神话起源对于本民族的重大意义等等。

在阿尔卑斯山以北，宗教帮助文艺复兴的实现。因为此时的宗教状况为改革提供的借口，而改革之际恰逢意大利已经蓬勃发展的文艺复兴运动传播到埃尔卑斯山以北的国家，包括不列颠诸岛和斯堪的纳维亚诸岛。可是这种传播主要的不是要去除宗教的影响，而是以另一种方式来看待宗教。经院主义的哲学不再胜任捍卫基督教的使命，一方面因为它的无用，另一方因为圣职人员的所作所为实在只能让人们失望与愤怒。因此一种期望恢复宗教传统救赎与拯救的神圣荣光的改革热诚被充分唤起。弟兄会和虔敬运动是这样一种努力。这种热情需要一种载体来完成他的使命，而文艺复兴恰好提供了这样一种工具。虽然这一时期的改革只是说说而已，君主与教皇都在忙于夸大巩固或者试图保护自己尘世的荣光。

封建制的传统仍旧是强大民族国家的大敌，教皇的宗教与心灵上的感召力仍旧是不容忽视的跨国力量，而这种力量现在被更多的更容易的看作是政治与军事力量，而现实也确实如此。现实主义不是一个很适合的词汇来概括整个的精神取向，这样说更好，一种向古代世界寻求启示的努力在很大程度上得到实现，同时这种实现为人们早在新的基础上进行新的探索做好极好的准备。

语言，艺术，历史，政治，经济，宗教还有战争，这个时候的战争，已经不再提十字军东征的口号，已无人真正关心，那些关心的人也要面临事实上的不可能。大家在在进入一个新的时代，而有人欢欣，有人迷茫，有人毫无知觉，有人则捶胸顿足。等到一觉醒来，发现世界已经变了个样。