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艾滋病防控三十载忧多于喜 联合国敦促阻击性传播途径
http://www.sina.com.cn 2011年04月01日 08:17 财新网
联合国报告提出，到2015年，艾滋病病毒经性传播的数量减少50%，阻断所有注射毒品途径的新发感染，消除病毒的母婴传播，感染者中因结核病死亡的人数减少50%
【财新网】（记者 于达维）3月31日，联合国秘书长潘基文在肯尼亚内罗毕发布的一份最新报告中指出，艾滋病流行30年来，用于艾滋病应对的投资已经有所回报，但收效是脆弱的。报告同时呼吁，到2015年实现艾滋病病毒经性传播的数量减少50%的目标，其干预对象应包括年轻人、男同性恋、性工作者及其接触人群等。
这份题为《为普遍可及联合起来：走向零艾滋病病毒新发感染、零歧视、零艾滋病相关死亡》的报告指出，从2001年到2009年，在33个国家——包括22个撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲国家——艾滋病病毒新发感染率降低至少25%；2009年，用于阻断艾滋病病毒母婴传播的抗逆转录病毒药物在全球的覆盖率首次超过50%；到2010年底，中、低收入国家超过600万人正在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗。
但是，每天仍有7000例艾滋病病毒新发感染，其中包括1000名儿童。在许多国家，基础设施薄弱、财政短缺以及对脆弱人群的歧视等因素持续阻碍艾滋病预防、治疗、关怀和支持服务的普及。
联合国上述报告提出了五个重要提议，包括充分发挥青少年在艾滋病预防革命中的作用；振兴实现艾滋病预防、治疗、关怀和支持普遍可及目标的努力；与各国合作，使艾滋病防治工作成本更低、效益更高；促进妇女和女童的健康与人权；确保艾滋病应对中的共同问责制，以将承诺转化为行动。
潘基文呼吁，全体利益相关者支持报告中的建议，争取到2015年实现六项全球目标：艾滋病病毒经性传播的数量减少50%，阻断所有注射毒品途径的新发感染；消除病毒的母婴传播；感染者中因结核病死亡的人数减少50%；确保1300万患者得到治疗；对艾滋病相关的入境、驻留和居住进行限制的国家数量减少一半；因艾滋病致孤或处于弱势的儿童获得平等受教育的机会。
在2011年6月8至10日召开的联合国大会艾滋病问题高级别会议上，各国领导将审议这些提议。
“在这一关键时刻，各国领导有一个独特的机会去评估全球艾滋病应对中的成就和欠缺。”潘基文在内罗毕举行的新闻发布会上说，“我们必须大胆采取决定，这些决定将为艾滋病的防治带来显著变革，并帮助我们走向没有艾滋病病毒的一代。”
由于国际社会已经减少了对艾滋病的资金支持，报告鼓励各国财政优先考虑艾滋病防治工作的资金投入。实际上，目前很多成员国目前的财务状况并不允许它们增加艾滋病防治上的投资，潘基文仍然呼吁，为应对艾滋病提供资助是一项共同的责任。
报告指出，来自国际捐助者的财政承诺必须可以预期；中、低收入国家对艾滋病防治工作的国内投资必须增加，新兴的政治和经济力量需要分担它们在领导国际和地区艾滋病应对中的作用。
与潘基文共同出席报告发布会的联合国艾滋病规划署执行主任米歇尔·西迪贝说：“艾滋病预防和抗逆转录病毒治疗收效显著，但是我们需要做得更多以阻止人们感染艾滋病病毒——现在比以往任何时候都更需要一场艾滋病预防革命。”
在潘基文发布报告的同时，近30个亚太国家于3月30至31日齐聚泰国曼谷，审视本地区的进展和挑战，制定重点行动计划，以确保人人获得艾滋病服务。
在亚太地区，每三个人中就有一个无法获得治疗；约六成的艾滋病病毒感染者不知道自己感染了艾滋病病毒；尚没有任何一个国家实现艾滋病预防、治疗、关怀和支持的“普遍可及”；受影响的主要社区和人群还在继续受到羞辱与歧视。
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
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Fear of AIDS prevention and control of more than three decades the United Nations urged preemptive Joy transmission
http://www.sina.com.cn 2011 年 04 月 01 日 08:17 financial new network
The United Nations report, 2015, sexual transmission of HIV by 50% decrease in the number, blocking all the ways of injecting drug new infections, to eliminate child transmission of the virus, infection in the number of deaths due to TB by 50%
New network】 【Finance (Xinhua on David) March 31, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon released in Nairobi, Kenya to a recent report that the AIDS epidemic 30 years, the investment for the AIDS response has been rewarded, but effective is fragile. The report also called for by 2015 the spread of HIV through sexual target of 50% reduction in the number, the intervention targets should include young people, gay men, sex workers and their contact with people and so on.
The report, entitled "unite for the universal access: to zero new infections of HIV, zero discrimination, zero-AIDS-related deaths," the report pointed out that from 2001 to 2009, in 33 countries - including 22 sub- Saharan African countries - a new HIV infection rates by at least 25% fat; 2009, for blocking mother to child transmission of HIV antiretroviral drugs for the first time in the world more than 50% coverage; to the end of 2010 , in more than 600 million people in low-income countries were receiving antiretroviral therapy.
But every day there are 7000 cases of new infections of HIV, including 1,000 children. In many countries, weak infrastructure, financial shortages and discrimination of vulnerable groups and other factors continue to hinder AIDS prevention, treatment, care and support services popular.
The report presented the United Nations five key proposals, including full play to the revolutionary youth in the role of AIDS prevention; revitalization achieve AIDS prevention, treatment, care and support universal access goals; with countries, so that the cost of AIDS is more low-efficient; to promote the health of women and girls and human rights; to ensure that the AIDS response in mutual accountability, in order to turn commitments into action.
Ban Ki-moon called on all stakeholders to support the report's recommendations, for the six global targets by 2015: the spread of HIV through reduction in the number of 50% of all injecting drug way to block new infections; elimination of the parent virus child transmission; infection in deaths due to TB by 50%; to ensure that 13 million patients receive treatment; of AIDS-related entry, stay and residence restrictions on the number of countries reduced by half; for AIDS orphans or disadvantaged children's access to equal access to education.
In June 2011, held 8 to 10 United Nations General Assembly High Level Meeting on AIDS, leaders will consider these proposals.
"At this critical juncture, leaders have a unique opportunity to assess the achievements in the global AIDS response and the lack of." Ban Ki-moon at a news conference in Nairobi, said, "We must be bold to take decisions that will AIDS bring about significant changes in the prevention and treatment, and help us to a generation without AIDS virus. "
As the international community has reduced financial support to AIDS, the report encourages States to give priority to AIDS prevention and control financial capital investment. In fact, many members of the current financial situation does not allow the current to increase their investment in AIDS prevention, Ban Ki-moon is still called in response to the AIDS funding is a shared responsibility.
The report notes that donors from the international financial commitments must be expected; in low-income countries on AIDS prevention work is necessary to increase domestic investment, the emerging political and economic power needs to share their international and regional leadership role in the AIDS response.
Ban Ki-moon together with the United Nations attended the conference, UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibe said: "AIDS prevention and antiretroviral treatment was significantly effective, but we need to do more to prevent people infected with HIV - - Now more than ever need a revolution in AIDS prevention. "
Ban Ki-moon released a report at the same time, nearly 30 countries in Asia and the Pacific on March 30 countries to 31 Qiju Tai Bangkok, review progress and challenges in the region to develop focused action plan to ensure universal access to AIDS services.
In the Asia Pacific region, where one in every three can not get treatment; about two-thirds of HIV infected people do not know they are infected with the AIDS virus; yet not a single country to achieve AIDS prevention, treatment, care and support of the "universal access "; of the affected communities and populations are still a major stigma and discrimination continue to be.
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