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特殊人群成“不定时炸弹” 考验政府社会管理能力
【发布时间】2011-07-25-09-02【来源】新华网
艾滋病病毒感染者可能会感染谁、重症精神疾病患者何时发病伤及公众……艾滋病病毒感染者、重症精神疾病患者几乎成为社会公共安全的“不定时炸弹”。然而,受观念、资金等因素的制约,目前对这些特殊人群的管理仍有欠缺之处。如何加强和创新特殊人群管理工作,正考验着相关部门的社会管理能力。
艾滋病与精神疾病对于社会良序和公众人身安全来讲,具有较大的潜在危害性,是特殊人群管理中的两个难点。
如何最大限度地预防和控制艾滋病与精神疾病可能对社会公众带来的威胁,记者对北京市三级卫生机构进行了调查走访。
艾滋病毒检测向基层延伸
在北京市朝阳区十八里店社区卫生服务中心,记者看到一楼一间诊疗室的毛玻璃门上标有“VCT咨询室”字样,护士张毅正在室内值班。
“VCT”的语义为艾滋病免费自愿咨询检测。
“来这里咨询的人,是那些有过高危行为,又担心自己感染性病或感染艾滋病的。我们对咨询过程完全保密。”张毅指着文件柜里的一排档案卷宗说。
朝阳区十八里店地区位于北京市城区东南方向的城乡接合部,这里的户籍人口约有3.6万余人,而登记在册的外来人口达20余万人。
十八里店社区卫生服务中心主任王同庆说,2006年,国家对防治艾滋病、性病的重视程度大幅提升,而现实中三级医院对性病病人、艾滋病人只管治疗的方式已显露出预防工作的缺位。此外,由于流动人口激增,感染性病、艾滋病的势头有上升的可能。基于这些背景,朝阳区疾病预防控制中心尝试在基层建立监测哨点。2006年7月,朝阳区疾病预防控制中心性病、艾滋病防治指导站在十八里店医院成立。
这是一项全新的工作。据王同庆介绍,在朝阳区疾控中心的支持和协助下,十八里店医院首先进行了全员培训,针对一般人群、外来人口和娱乐场所工作者展开防治宣传；针对高危人群重点授课。十八里店医院改为社区卫生服务中心后,中心工作人员延续了已往的工作,同时将宣传范围拓展到工地、农贸市场、学校和公司。服务中心的医务人员每月定期去娱乐场所授课、发材料、体检、发放安全套、提供咨询,使得这项工作更加规范化、制度化。
“我们的工作重点是进行有效的行为干预。”王同庆说。
朝阳区疾病预防控制中心性病、艾滋病防治所副所长姜树林告诉记者,十八里店社区卫生服务中心的性病、艾滋病防治指导站,在全国属于为数不多的社区性病、艾滋病防治机构。目前在朝阳区43个街道和地区办事处的社区卫生服务中心中,仅有十八里店社区卫生服务中心设有“VCT”艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊。
十八里店社区卫生服务中心提供的统计数据显示,该中心开展性病、艾滋病检测工作至今,已有数千人进行过HIV(人类免疫缺陷病毒)检测,其中筛查出数百名性病患者和百余名HIV感染者。
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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Special populations into a "time bomb" test of the government's social management
[Date] [source] Xinhua 2011-07-25-09-02
HIV-infected persons who may be infected, the incidence of severe injuries to mental illness when the public ... ... HIV-infected persons with severe mental illness is almost as public safety, "time bomb." However, by the ideas, capital and other factors, the current management of these special populations are still gaps. How to strengthen the management of special populations and innovation, is testing the department of social management.
AIDS and mental illness for the well-ordered society and the public in terms of personal safety, have greater potential harm, is a special crowd management are two difficulties.
How best to prevent and control AIDS and mental illness may be the threat posed by the public, reporters in Beijing conducted a survey of tertiary health institutions visited.
HIV testing extends to the primary
Chaoyang District in Beijing Shibalidian community health service centers, the reporter saw the first floor of a clinic room frosted glass door marked "VCT consulting room," the words, Chang is room nurse on duty.
"VCT" semantics for the free HIV voluntary counseling and testing.
"Come here to consult the people who have had high-risk behaviors, and worry about sexually transmitted diseases or HIV infection. Our consultation process is completely confidential." Chang pointed to a row of file cabinets file dossier said.
Beijing Chaoyang District Shibalidian located southeast of the urban high city, where the household population of about 3.6 million people, while the registered foreign population of 20 million people.
Shibalidian Community Health Center, said Wang, director of Celebration, 2006, the state of AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases, the degree of attention significantly improved, and the reality of STD patients in three hospitals, the treatment of AIDS just the way it has shown the absence of prevention . In addition, the flow of population growth, sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS has increased the momentum of the possible. Based on these background, Chaoyang District Disease Prevention and Control Center attempts to establish sentinel surveillance sites at the grassroots level. In July 2006, Chaoyang District CDC sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS was established to guide standing Shibalidian hospital.
This is a brand new work. According to King Celebration introduced in the Chaoyang District CDC's support and assistance, first carried out Shibalidian hospital staff training, for the general population, the immigrant population, and entertainment workers to combat it in publicity; focus of instruction for high-risk groups. Shibalidian hospitals to community health service centers, the continuation of the previous years, center staff work, while expanding the scope of the publicity to the site, farmers market, schools and companies. Service center medical staff on a monthly basis to the entertainment medium, made material, physical examination, condoms, counseling, making this a more standardized and institutionalized.
"Our focus is on effective behavioral interventions." Celebration Wang said.
Chaoyang District CDC sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS, deputy director Jiang Shulin told reporters Shibalidian community health service centers of sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS prevention guidance station, one of the few communities in the country are sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS organizations. Currently 43 street in Chaoyang District and regional offices of the community health service centers, only Shibalidian community health service center is equipped with "VCT" HIV voluntary counseling and testing clinics.
Shibalidian Community Health Service Center statistics show that the Centre carries out sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS testing so far, thousands of people have been HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) test, which screened out of hundreds and hundreds of STI patients HIV infection.
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