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3周解开难倒科学家10年的难题
2011-09-20 17:46:18 来源：178 编辑：墨染蔷薇 ：
美国华盛顿大学科学家在最新一期医学专业期刊Nature Structural & Molecular Biology上发表论文，已经成功破解人类免疫缺陷病毒HIV（艾滋病）生化酶的构造。在这一伟业的贡献者名单中，游戏玩家们的名字赫然在目，在他们的帮助下，科学家们解决了困扰人类10年的难题。
华盛顿大学这项研究的对象，是能够将包括HIV病毒在内的DNA逆转录类病毒复杂的分子结构切断的一种生物蛋白酶。对蛋白质构造的研究，有助于人类了解众多恶性疾病的病因病理，进而研制出有针对性的特效药。
由于显微镜级别的仪器只能观察到病毒的平面构造，为了更好地研究蛋白质构造，科学家想出了通过药剂标识以3D立体构造呈现蛋白质的办法。2008年，华盛顿大学的科学家们制作出了一款名为Foldit的游戏，将大量玩家分成小组，在线进行对构成蛋白质的氨基酸链进行展开和破解比赛。令人吃惊的是，玩家们仅用3周的时间就制作出了蛋白酶的氨基酸结构模型。
华盛顿大学生化研究中心的Firas Khatib博士表示，他们一直在研究，希望能利用人的直觉来解开过去依靠计算机自行运算一直没能解开的难题，他说：“玩家们的创造力和想象力着实令我们吃惊，只要加以正确的指导，相信他们能在更广阔的科研领域有所作为。”
Foldit的开发者之一Seth Cooper，在谈到请玩家协助研究蛋白质构造这一大胆设想的初衷时表示，人类大脑可以做到现阶段计算机还很难实现的空间推理演算。
“所谓电子游戏，即是计算机与人类能力相结合并互动的产物。”Cooper在接受采访时说道：“这周发表的论文的结果证明，游戏这种形式与自然科学、电子计算机的运用相结合，或许能够为那些过去难以想象的复杂问题提供新的解决办法。”
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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3 weeks solve the problem of stumped scientists for 10 years
2011-09-20 17:46:18 Source: 178 Editor: ink dye rose:
University of Washington scientists in the latest issue of medical journal Nature Structural & Molecular Biology published a paper, have successfully cracked the human immunodeficiency virus HIV (AIDS) enzyme structure. Albert contributors in this list, the name of the game players impressively in the head, with their help, the scientists solved the problem of human 10-year problem.
University of Washington, the object of this study is the ability to include the reverse transcriptase of HIV-like virus, including DNA complex molecular structure of a biological protease cut off. The study of protein structure, to help human beings understand the etiology of many malignant diseases, pathology, and then developed a targeted cure.
Because the instrument can only observe the microscopic level to the virus surface structure, in order to better study the protein structure, scientists have come up through the agents identified in 3D protein structure showing the approach. In 2008, scientists at the University of Washington to produce a product called Foldit game, a lot of players will be divided into groups, on-line to constitute amino acid chain to expand and crack the game. Surprisingly, the players just three weeks to produce a protease amino acid structure of the model.
Washington University and Research Center, said Dr. Firas Khatib, who has been studying the hope of using human intuition to uncover the past to rely on computer operations have not been able to solve their own problems, he said: "creativity and imagination of players We surprised the rain-delayed, as long as the guidance to be correct, I believe that they can in a broader field of scientific research a difference. "
Foldit one of the developers Seth Cooper, On the study of protein structure to help your players this bold idea in mind that the human brain can do at this stage the computer is difficult to achieve spatial reasoning calculus.
"The so-called electronic games, that is a combination of computer and human capabilities and the product of the interaction." Cooper said in an interview: "papers published in this week's results show that this form of the game and the natural sciences, combined use of computer , might be able to imagine the complex issues that in the past to provide a new solution. "
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