合金元素对真空烧结FeAl基摩擦材料摩擦学
性能影响的研究
付传起1,2 孙俊才1 王 宙3
（1. 大连海事大学 材料工艺研究所，辽宁大连 116026 中国；2. 大连大学 机械工程学院，辽宁大连 116622 中国；3. 大连大学 表面工程中心，辽宁大连 116622 中国）
摘 要：在FeAl合金基体中，添加摩擦组元SiC、润滑组元石墨、强化组元Cu等合金元素，利用真空感应加热烧结方法制备了复合摩擦材料；利用摩擦磨损实验分析了合金元素对摩擦系数和磨损量的影响；并通过XRD、SEM和磨损表面形貌照片等分析了合金元素对摩擦材料的摩擦机理和磨损的形式的影响，找到了最佳工艺配比。研究表明：（1）加入铜有利于材料的烧结，可以提高摩擦材料的力学性能，磨损形式以粘着磨损为主；（2）添加一定量的石墨后，可以形成固体润滑膜，起到减少摩擦从而降低磨损的作用；（3）加入SiC后可调整摩擦系数，起到抗磨和抗粘结作用；磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损和接触疲劳。
关键词：FeAl合金；热压反应烧结；摩擦系数；磨损量
Effect of alloy additives on the friction and wear properties of
vacuum sintering FeAl matrix composite frictional materials
FU Chuan-qi 1 2 SUN Jun-cai1 WANG Zhou 3
(1. Institute of Materials and Technology, Dalian maritime university, Dalian 116026, china;
2. Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian university, Dalian, 116622, china; 3. Surface Engineering centre, Dalian university, Dalian, 116622, china)
Abstract: By adding frictional element carborundum, lubricating element graphite and strengthening element copper in Fe-Al alloy matrix，A series of FeAl matrix composite friction material were prepared by means of hot-pressing vacuum sintering method. The friction and wear behaviors of composite material at various applied loads and sliding velocities were investigated by MRH-3 wear machine at room temperature under dry conditions. Furthermore, the morphologies, phases and element valences of the worn surface and debris were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), and photographs, respectively. Lastly the optimum technology was determined. Experimental results show that: (1) copper additive was beneficial to material sintering and improvement of mechanical performance; the wear mechanism is mainly abrasive wear. (2) a certain amount of graphite addition can form a solid lubricating film on the friction material surface, so, coefficient of friction and wear rate decrease. (3) addition of carborundum in composite material can adjust friction coefficient，play a role on anti-wear and anti-bonding; And, wear mechanism were mainly abrasive wear and contact fatigue wear.
Keywords: Fe-Al alloy; hot-pressing reaction sintering; coefficient of friction; wear loss