大学生性观念调查:对待性及艾滋病患者更加宽容


大学生性观念调查:对待性及艾滋病患者更加宽容

 
 
 
 
 

大学生性观念调查:对待性及艾滋病患者更加宽容

  连续两周来,记者在南开大学、天津大学、天津医科大学、天津商业大学等六所高校团委、学生会和志愿者协会的帮助下,分发出总共436份《联合对“艾”——大学生性观念调查》(以下简称调查),成功回收412份,其中男性参与调查者202名,女性参与调查者210名,从中可以看出本市大学生对待性的观念以及对待艾滋病患者的态度都已经展露出更加宽容之心。

  女生比男生更重视贞操

  调查的第一道问题为“你如何看待爱与性的关系,以及对贞操观的影响?”

  统计显示,对贞操观重要性的看法主要是性别之间存在差异,女生比男生更认定贞操观重要,女生的比例超出男生大约30%。超过六成的受访女生认为“第一次”应该留给自己的丈夫。但只有不足三成的男生认为“第一次”应该留给妻子。

  而在“爱与性谁更重要”这个问题中,男女双方的认知并无太大差异,双方都认为爱情高于性,在婚姻的选择上,也更加看重性,当然这其中包括有将近三成受访者认为两个都非常重要,都不可或缺。

  调查还发现,超过六成的受访学生认为性是必须的,超过九成的受访学生认为“性是美好的”,只有不足一成的学生认为“性是陌生的,可怕的”。

  “大学生都是成年人,可以对自己的行为负责,发生性关系也没什么了不起的。”天津农学院大三学生张力(化名)向记者坦言,自己在大二上学期时就已经和女友发生了性关系,并且直到今天感情依旧稳定,但在回答问卷中“是否将目前性交对象作为婚姻对象”时,他却选择了“不确定”,“未来不确定的因素太多了,我们不敢有太多展望,但这并不妨碍我们现在相爱。”

  事实上,张力的这种意见绝非少数,超过四成的受访学生都和他持有相同观点,男生比例同样高于女生。

  张力的女朋友没有参加调查,但天津商业大学大二学生菲菲(化名)的话或许可以代表很多女生的观点:“我认为性是一件美好神圣的事情,所以我要把它留给最为珍惜我的那个人,我相信那个人就是我的丈夫。”

  和菲菲持有同样观点的还有超过六成的受访女生,她们认为“性和爱是绝对不可分离的”,而受访男生中持这个观点的只有两成多。更多的受访男生(超过四成)认为“性和爱可以完全分开看待”,但却只有不足一成的女生持有相同观点。其余受访学生的观点为“具体情况具体看待”。

  总体看来,大学生性观念较为开放,对于婚前性行为和未婚同居普遍持认可态度,受访学生中性行为发生率超过两成,男生的性观念比女生开放,性行为发生率也明显高于女生。

  性信息的来源

  调查发现,受访学生中第一次发生性关系的年龄主要集中在19~22周岁,第一次性行为多发生在:旅馆、租房、家中。而发生性关系的动机主要是发展爱情(将近七成受访学生这样认为),满足自己生理需要(两成受访学生持此观点)和不确定(一成多受访学生如此表示)。

  同时值得关注的是,随着社会开放程度越来越高,超过七成的受访学生对同性恋的看法也是“很正常,它是人的权利”,两成认为“很特别,但可以接受”,大约只有一成的受访学生认为“无法接受”。

  而更加惹人注目的则是,大学生们有关性信息的来源,几乎所有受访学生都将网络视为第一选择。

  “现在还有什么是网络上找不到的?”天津大学大四学生周景(化名)告诉记者,现在很多下载软件都能在软件页面上看到“共享货物”或“共享视频”等栏目,点开就可以直接看到并下载到A片和色情图片等,各类涉及性的信息资源可以说是“铺天盖地”,想要什么有什么,想看哪国的看哪国的。

  如今,在大学校园里,过去偷偷摸摸才敢看的色情电影和书籍,已经成了不少大学生“集体欣赏”的物品,丝毫没有任何尴尬,“看这些东西是挺挑战的,没点定性真受不了。”周景说。同样,他的话也很有代表性,超过六成的受访男生坦言自己浏览过色情网站,超过五成受访男生认为这些网站中的内容催生着他们的性冲动,成为他们性行为增多的“催化剂”。

    相比之下,女生对于色情网站就很不“感冒”了,只有不到两成的女生浏览过这些网站,而女生不看这些网站的主要原因是“觉得无聊,没什么意思”。

  “我觉得社会太有必要加强性知识的普及了,不能让网站占了先啊。”天津医科大学大三学生李辉(化名)坦承自己也是从网络中获得的“性启蒙”,但他认为这样的途径“很危险”,“我们大学生成年了,把持自己的能力好一点,那些没成年的孩子对性观念的态度太可怕了。”

  因为是学医,李辉很注重这方面的资讯,并和很多朋友进行过这方面的调研。他说,他曾经发现有个女孩一个月内就和N个网友上过床,却不做任何防护措施,“很多小孩子对网恋之事习以为常,觉得没什么。”和他所说的这些未成年人相比,受访大学生对于性安全的态度就显然谨慎很多,超过八成的受访学生认为“性交过程中必须采用安全措施”,只有两成学生对此保持“无所谓的态度”,认为自己选择的“性交对象很安全。”

  李辉告诉记者,从医学角度上看,艾滋病的传播途径不外乎三种,即“红黄白”。“‘红’是指血液传播,‘黄’是指不洁性行为,‘白’是指母婴传染。”他说,如今感染艾滋病的人群,尤其是城市人群中,由不洁性行为引发的人越来越多,“所以我希望性知识的普及更加广泛,避免这种方式传播艾滋病毒。”

  非常让人欣喜的是,对于艾滋病人的态度,超过六成受访学生都很宽容,认为身边如果出现这样的同学“可以接受”,约两成的受访学生觉得“需要视具体情况而定”,还有两成学生觉得“不能接受。”

  “可怕的是艾滋病病毒,不是艾滋病人。”天津外国语学院大二学生李阳(化名)说,艾滋病人需要大家的关爱,让他们生活在充满爱的氛围中,一是利于病情治疗,二是有利于社会稳定。

  李阳说,她是一名青年志愿者,认为大学生应该更多地扛起防治艾滋的宣传重任,不久前她还和很多伙伴一起参加了艾滋病日研讨活动计划,并制定出下一步的调研和宣传计划:针对大学生日租房问题进行调研,向日租房主赠送安全套,并对大学生进行安全性行为教育工作……

  别谈“性”色变

  本次调查中,有一道调查题目获得了所有受访者完全一致的答案,那就是“你认为自己在成长过程中获得的性知识够吗?”412名受访者清一色地选择了“非常不够”。

  其中超过七成的受访者认为,性知识的普及工作不仅仅应该由学校和社会来完成,父母应该成为子女的第一任性启蒙教师。

  “这一点,我们中国的家长做得的确非常不够。”天津大学大一学生楚楚(化名)记得,她在四五岁的时候就问过妈妈“我从哪里来?”的问题,获得的却是“捡来的”答案,此后的生活中,父母对于性的话题也是讳莫如深。

  “这不是一个难回答的问题啊。”楚楚说,在高中的时候,她通过网络和图书馆看到了一些性教育的科普读物,发现这并不是一个非常复杂的问题,“其实很容易就说清楚,我们的父母就是非要藏着掖着,搞得我们越来越好奇。”和楚楚持同样观点的还有超过五成的学生,他们渴望和父母师长平等开放地交流性话题。

  “我从哪里来?”几乎所有的孩子到了三四岁,有了“自我意识”,都会向父母抛出这个“烫手的山芋”。

  概括起来,中国父母用四招对付孩子,一是骗:“石头蹦出来的”、“捡回来的”。孩子还是纳闷,捡回来的,又是谁生的?二是斥责:“小孩子问这么多干嘛?”孩子惶恐,难道问问哪里来也不行吗?三是拖:“等你长大就知道了。”

  至于说进一步向孩子解释性器官及功能,更是中国父母“不可能完成之任务”,甚至在电视上出现亲热的镜头时,大部分家长都会仓促间换台。

  调查中,一位正在南开大学读书的大三学生在问卷上写下了他心目中这道题最为完美的答案,这个答案是由美国公共健康政策专家安吉拉对女儿做出的:“女孩长大以后,会嫁给爱她的男人,这个男人给她一颗爱的种子,进入她的身体里,会和她自身的另一颗爱的种子结合。结合的种子,在营养的滋养下,逐渐长成一个婴儿,就是妈妈肚子里的孩子。”

  超过半数的受访学生更加向往西方家庭中父母和子女的交流方式,他们希望父母能在自己的成长过程中适时地准备一些性知识科普读物,并和自己分享,然后交流读后感,“儿子和爸爸聊,女儿和妈妈谈。”

  专家

  高校防艾责无旁贷

  天津市性病艾滋病防治协会项目主管韩莉在接受媒体采访时表示,目前中国社会面临的局面是,艾滋病已经进入了快速增长期。

  近年来,我国青少年的性观念较前发生了很大变化,大学生处于性活跃年龄,而他们处在学习阶段,加之大多没有固定的经济来源,尚不具备良好、稳固的性交往条件,所以有许多人在这一阶段会选择多性伴生活方式,进而使得他们更易受到艾滋病侵袭。因此高校应该做好防艾抗艾的知识普及,定期组织活动,让防范观念深入学子之心。

University Students investigate sexual attitudes: AIDS treatment and more tolerant
At 10:17 on March 17, 2009 Source: Times Online


Two consecutive weeks, the journalist at Nankai University and Tianjin University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin University of Commerce, etc. 6 Youth League colleges and universities, students and volunteers the help of the Association, issued a total of 436 copies of "United for the" Ai "- University Students investigate sexual attitudes "(hereinafter referred to investigate), 412 were successfully recovered, one of men participating in the survey were 202 women participating in the survey were 210, from which we can see the city of University Students to treat the concept as well as the attitude towards AIDS patients have been showing off more tolerance.
To pay more attention to girls than boys virginity
Investigate the first question is "How do you view the relationship between love and sex, as well as the concept of the impact of chastity?"
Statistics show that the importance of the concept of chastity views are gender differences exist between the girls than the boys even more important that the concept of chastity, the proportion of girls exceeded the boys around 30%. More than girls六成of respondents consider "first" should be left to their own husbands. But less than three percent of the boys consider "first" should be left to his wife.
In the "love and sexual Who is more important" The problem in both men and women, have little awareness of differences, both sides believe that love than sex, at marriage on selection, but also of more importance, of course, this includes nearly into three respondents think both are very important, are indispensable.
The survey also found that more than六成of the respondents think of the students is necessary, more than九成of the students surveyed believed that "sex is good", less than 1 percent of students believe that "sex is a strange, terrible."
"Students are adults, can be held accountable for their actions, the occurrence of sexual relations are also not great." Tianjin Agricultural College junior tension (a pseudonym) to the reporter admitted that on their own semester sophomore at the time and his girlfriend had already happened a sexual relationship, and until today, the feelings are still stable, but in answering the questionnaire, "whether the current object as a sex object of marriage," he has chosen to "uncertain", "future uncertainties are too many, and we dare not there is too much vision, but that does not preclude our love now. "
In fact, the tension of such a view is not a minority, more than 4 percent of the respondents were students and he holds the same opinion, same proportion of boys than girls.
Tension girlfriend did not take part in the investigation, but the sophomore student of Tianjin University of Commerce Felice (a pseudonym), then perhaps a lot of girls on behalf of the opinion: "I think sex is a beautiful sacred thing, so I want it left to me the most Value that individual, I believe that person is my husband. "
And Felice holds the same opinion of the respondents have more than六成girls, they think "性和爱is absolutely inalienable," and boys in the respondents hold this opinion only two of the many into. More male respondents (more than 4 percent) think "can be completely separated from性和爱look", but less than 1 percent of girls the same opinion. The remaining respondents opinion of students as a "case-by-case approach."
Generally speaking, college students are more liberal sexual attitudes, for premarital sex and unmarried cohabitation generally recognized attitudes, sexual behavior surveyed the incidence of students into more than two, the sexual attitudes of boys than girls open sex incidence was significantly higher than girls.
Source of information
Survey found that respondents first students in the age of sexual relations mainly concentrated in the 19 ~ 22 years of age, first sexual behavior many happen at: hotels, rental, home. And have sex with the main motivation is to develop love (nearly七成respondents think such students), to meet their physiological needs (two students into the respondents hold this opinion) and uncertainties (many respondents into one so that the students).
At the same time, It is noteworthy that, as society is becoming more open, more than七成students of the respondents hold the same views about homosexuality, "normal, it is the right person," the two into that "very special, but acceptable" only about 1 percent of the students surveyed believed that "unacceptable."
And more dramatic is that college students are a source of information relating to sex, almost all respondents considered students first select the network.
"Now what are the network have not found?" Zhou Tianjin University, senior students (a pseudonym) told reporters that now the software can download a lot of software on the page to see the "shared goods" or "Shared Videos" such as columns, point to open can see and download directly to A films and pornographic images and so on, all kinds of sexual information resources can be described as "overwhelming," What you want to have what want to Behold Behold States States.
Now, at university campuses, in the past dare surreptitiously watch pornographic movies and books, has become quite a number of University Students "collective appreciation of" items, and no any embarrassment, "look these things are quite the challenge, no point really affected by qualitative can not. "Zhou said. Similarly, his words are also very representative, more than boys六成of the respondents viewed themselves frankly pornographic website, more than half of male respondents consider the content of these sites the birth of their sexual impulses, as their number of sexual acts " catalyst. "
     In contrast, girls for sex on the web is not "cold", and only less than two percent of girls visited these sites, while girls do not watch the main reason these sites are "bored, nothing mean."
"I think too there is need to strengthen the society of knowledge, and should not be allowed to account for the website first ah." Tianjin Medical University junior student Li (not her real name) admits that his own from the network access to the "Enlightenment", but consider him such a way to "very dangerous", "Adulthood our University Students, and their ability to hold a good point, those who are not adult children's sexual attitudes attitude is horrible."
Since study are medicine, Li is paid due attention to this information, and friends and a lot of research in this respect. He said he found that there is a once a month on Girl and N个User上过床, does not take any protective measures, "a lot of kids do become accustomed to the courtship, do not think there is." And he said these minors people compared to the respondents of University Students for safety attitude is obviously a lot of care, more than the students of the respondents think "the process of sexual intercourse must adopt security measures," as students and only two remain, "Do not care attitude," think of their choice the "very safe sex object."
Li Hui told reporters, from a medical point of view, nothing more than the spread of AIDS in three ways, that is, "yellow white." " 'Red' refers to blood-borne, 'yellow' means dirty sex, 'white' refers to mother-to-child transmission." He said people now infected with AIDS, especially in city populations, triggered by unclean sex more and more people, "so I hope that the spread of knowledge more widely, to avoid transmission of HIV in this way."
People are very pleased with the fact that people's attitude about AIDS, more than六成students are very tolerant of respondents, who think if there is such a Student "acceptable", about two percent of respondents feel that students "need as the case may be ", as students feel that the two have" unacceptable. "
"Terrible is HIV, not AIDS." Tianjin Foreign Languages Institute sophomore student Li Yang (not her real name) said that AIDS care need everybody so that they live in an atmosphere full of love, one conducive to disease treatment, two are conducive to social stability.
Li Yang said that she was a young volunteer, consider picking up of the University Students should be more publicity of HIV prevention and control responsibilities, not long ago she and a lot of partners to take part in discussions of AIDS Day activities and to develop the next phase of research and publicity plan: day rental for college students to conduct research question, the Japanese master free condoms renters, college students and the practice of safe sex education ... ...
别谈"sex" terribly
The survey, together have access to investigate the subject of all respondents were completely consistent answer, that is, "Do you think its growth obtained in the course of knowledge enough?" 412 respondents chose the same color as "very inadequate . "
七成more than one of the respondents believe that the knowledge of not only job should be to complete the school and the community, parents should become self-willed child's first teacher of Enlightenment.
"This point, our Chinese parents do not really very much." Tianjin University freshmen neat (a pseudonym) recalled that her four or five years old when mother asked, "I come from?" Question, but received are "捡来the" answer, since life, both parents is also a closely-guarded secret topic.
"This is not a difficult question to answer ah." Chu-chu said that in high school, she saw through the network and library of sex education a number of popular science books and found that this is not a very complicated question, "is actually very easy to say, clearly, U.S. Parent is must藏着掖着, make us more and more curious. "Chu-chu holds the same opinion and have more than half of the students, their teachers and parents eager to equal and open exchange of sexual topics.
"I come from?" Almost all the children to a 34-year-old, with "self-awareness", will report to the Parent out of this "hot potato."
To sum up, Chinese parents with children to deal with four strokes, one to deceive: "jumped out of a stone," "retrieve the past." The child still wonder retrieve the past and who are born? Two are rebuked: "Why do children ask so many?" Terrified children, can not ask where to do? Are three trailers: "and so you grew up on the know."
As further explained to the child sexual organs and functions, more Chinese parents are "impossible to complete the mission," and even appeared on television at the lens affectionate, most parents would rush to change between Units.
Survey, Nankai University, who was reading at the junior students wrote on the questionnaire这道题his mind the most perfect answer, this answer is from the United States public health policy experts have made to her daughter, Angela: "The long-Girl After would love to marry her Men, the men give her a seed of love to enter her body, and her own love one another seed combination. combination of seed, nurtured in the nutrition, gradually grow into a baby is the mother of the child stomach. "
More than half of the respondents more students aspire to the Western family of parents and children communicate the way they want parents to grow up in their own process of preparation a number of timely knowledge of popular science books and to share their own, and then communicate读后感, "son and chat father and daughter and the mother talk. "
Experts
College bound AIDS
Tianjin Association of STD and AIDS prevention project director Li Han in an interview with the media, said that the current situation facing the Chinese society is that AIDS has entered a period of rapid growth.
In recent years, our country's sexual attitudes of young people over the previous great changes have taken place, a university student in sexually active age, and their stage in the study, combined with most of no fixed source of income, does not have good, solid condition of contacts, so there is lot of people would choose at this stage of life many sexual partners, which makes them more vulnerable to AIDS. Universities should therefore do a good job in anti-AIDS knowledge Ai popularity Organize periodic activities to prevent students in depth the concept of the heart.