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北京艾滋病数列全国十二 性传播为首要传播方式
2009-07-09 13:44来源：千龙网作者：王玲
千龙网7月9日讯（记者 王玲）来自北京市疾控中心的消息，2009年1-5月份，我市共检出艾滋病病毒感染者及艾滋病病人501例，其中446例为艾滋病病毒感染者，55例为艾滋病病人，报告数量较去年同期增加21.9%。在全国31个省、市、自治区中，北京市艾滋病报告数字排在第十二位。
与去年同期相比，我市报告的HIV/AIDS中呈现出性传播比例上升的现象，由59.64%上升到68.06%，性传播报告的绝对数也同比增加137例，而同比吸毒传播报告数出现了下降，所占比例由21.41%降至11.78%。
从1985至2009年5月底，我市累计发现的艾滋病病毒感染者及艾滋病病人中性传播占38.99%，静脉吸毒者占31.7%，血液传播占10.9%（均为外省病例），母婴传播占1.0%，尽管我市艾滋病疫情仍呈现三种传播方式，但以性传播和吸毒传播为主。
“自2006年以来，年度新发现的艾滋病感染者和艾滋病病人中经性传播所占比例均超过静脉吸毒传播所占比例，性传播比例的上升提示艾滋病的流行有从高危人群进一步向一般人群扩散的趋势。”北京市疾控中心主任邓瑛说。
值得一提的是，男男同性性行为者感染率逐年上升，成为HIV感染率最高的群体。我市自2004年起连续五年开展了男男同性性行为人群监测工作，监测数据显示男男同性性行为者HIV感染率呈上升趋势，高于性传播中异性传播所占的比例，提示该人群HIV感染率已超过吸毒者等高危人群，跃居首位。
北京市艾滋病流行经历了1985-1991年的传入期，1992-1997年的扩散期，从1998年起已经进入了快速增长期。截止到2009年5月，全市累计报告艾滋病病毒感染者及艾滋病病人6383例，其中本市居民1343例、外省市居民4722例、外籍人员247例，不详71例。
相关链接：狙击艾滋 任重道远
根据联合国艾滋病规划署2008年的报道，目前全球存活的艾滋病感染者共计3300万人，其中成人3080万人，15岁以下儿童200万人。2007年全球新感染艾滋病者约270万人，其中成人230万人，15岁以下儿童37万。全球每天大约有7400人新感染艾滋病病毒，其中96％以上的人生活在中、低收入国家。
自1985年我国报告第一例艾滋病病例以来，截至到2008年12月31日，累计报告艾滋病病毒感染者及艾滋病病人276335名，其中艾滋病病人82322名，报告死亡38150人。全人群感染率为0.05%。随着艾滋病病人从个例到百例、千例、万例的发展，艾滋病流行的区域也从局部蔓延到全国31省、市、自治区。
目前，云南省报告感染者数已经超过6万，跃居全国第一；广西省报告4万余例，位居第二；全国超过万例的省份依次为：河南、新疆、广东、四川、贵州。所有报告病例中注射吸毒是最主要的传播途径，占32.83%；其次是性接触传播，占24.01%,第三位是采血、输血途径，占17.07%。
随着我国对于血液及血液制品的规范管理，采血、输血途径所占比例在逐渐降低，性接触感染所长比例逐步上升，提示今后的防控工作将面临更大的困难与挑战。
2008年全国新报告艾滋病病毒感染者及艾滋病病人60081名，其中艾滋病病人14509名，死亡9748人。2008年当年艾滋病死亡报告数居全年传染病报告死亡数第一（传染病报告死亡数前五位的疾病是艾滋病、肺结核、狂犬病、乙型肝炎和新生儿破伤风，占甲乙类传染病报告死亡总数的93.19%）。
虽然从总体上看我国艾滋病疫情仍呈低流行态势，但在特定人群和局部地区中感染率很高，疫情仍处于上升阶段，同时性传播逐渐成为主要传播途径，艾滋病流行因素广泛存在，艾滋病疫情正在从高危人群向一般人群扩散。
Beijing National AIDS series 12 sexually transmitted primary mode of transmission
2009-07-09 13:44 Source: Qianlong Network Author: Wang Ling
Qianlong Net hearing July 9 (Xinhua Wang) from the Beijing CDC news, 1-5 months in 2009, the city of HIV infection were detected and 501 cases of AIDS patients, of which 446 cases of AIDS HIV-infected persons, 55 were AIDS patients, the number of reports than the 21.9 percent increase over the same period last year. In 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, the number of reported AIDS in Beijing in 12th place.
With the same period last year, the city reported HIV / AIDS in the proportion of sexually transmitted showing an increase of the phenomenon, rising to 59.64 percent from 68.06 percent, the absolute number of sexually transmitted also report an increase of 137 cases, and the dissemination of the same period last year the number of reported drug use appear a decline in the proportion dropped to 21.41 percent from 11.78 percent.
From 1985 to the end of May 2009, the city found a total of HIV infection and the spread of AIDS patients accounted for 38.99 percent neutral, intravenous drug users and 31.7%, 10.9% of blood-borne (all other provinces of cases), mother to child transmission accounts for 1.0%, despite the AIDS epidemic in our city still has three modes of transmission, but sexual transmission and drug-based dissemination.
"Since 2006, annual new AIDS-infected people and AIDS patients in the proportion of sexually transmitted by more than the proportion of the spread of intravenous drug users, increase the proportion of sexually transmitted AIDS epidemic has prompted high-risk groups from further proliferation to the general population trend. "邓瑛, director of CDC, said in Beijing.
It is worth mentioning is that the men who have sex with men and the infection rate increasing year by year, becoming the highest HIV infection rate groups. In our city since 2004 carried out for five consecutive years male homosexual sex male crowd monitoring, monitoring data show that men who have sex with men and HIV infection rates rising higher than the spread of sexually transmitted in the proportion of the opposite sex, suggesting The HIV infection rate of people over high-risk groups such as drug users, ranking the first.
AIDS epidemic in Beijing has experienced the introduction of the 1985-1991 period, 1992-in 1997 the proliferation of the period since 1998 has entered a period of rapid growth. As of May 2009, the city reported a total of HIV infection and 6383 cases of AIDS patients, of which 1343 cases of city residents, residents of other provinces and cities 4722 cases, 247 cases of foreign nationals, 71 cases of an unknown.
Related links: HIV attacks a long way to go
According to UNAIDS 2008 report, the survival of the current global AIDS Total 33 million, of which 30.8 million were adults, 15 children under the age of two million people. 2007 new HIV infections worldwide are approximately 270 million, of which 2.3 million were adults, 15 children under the age of 370,000. The world every day there are about 7,400 people were newly infected with HIV, of which 96% of people living in the middle and low-income countries.
Since 1985, China's first case report of AIDS cases since the end of December 31, 2008, cumulative reports of HIV infection and 276,335 AIDS patients, including 82,322 AIDS patients, reports the death of 38,150 people. Population-wide infection rate was 0.05%. As in the case of AIDS patients from the 100 cases, 1000 cases, 10,000 cases of the development of the regional AIDS epidemic spread from the local to the national 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions.
At present, Yunnan Province, reports the number of infected people has more than 60,000, ranking first in the country; in Guangxi Province, 4 million cases, second; more than 10,000 cases of country followed by the provinces: Henan, Xinjiang, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou . All reported cases of injecting drug use is the most important route of transmission, accounting for 32.83%; followed by sexual contact, accounting for 24.01 percent, the third is the blood, blood transfusion channels, accounting for 17.07%.
With blood and blood products for the regulation of blood collection, blood transfusion in a gradual way to reduce the proportion of sexual contacts, director of the increasing rate of infection, suggesting that the prevention and control of the future will face greater difficulties and challenges.
National report 2008 new HIV infections and 60,081 AIDS patients, including 14,509 AIDS patients, who died 9748. AIDS-related deaths in 2008 was the year the number of reported home deaths in the first report of infectious diseases (infectious diseases mortality in the top five diseases are AIDS, tuberculosis, rabies, hepatitis B and neonatal tetanus, infectious diseases accounted for Class-AB 93.19% of the total number of deaths).
Although the whole of China's AIDS epidemic is still a low prevalence situation, but in a specific group of people and a high rate of infection in some areas, still in the rising phase of the epidemic, sexually transmitted at the same time gradually become the main route of transmission, the AIDS epidemic there is a wide range of factors, the AIDS epidemic from high-risk groups to the general population proliferation.
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