牛津大学的病毒学家阿德里安.希尔认为，艾滋病疫苗失败的最大原因还是在于它无法激发足够的免疫能力对抗艾滋病病毒。
艾滋病毒（资料图）
艾滋病疫苗的研制工作迄今为止已有二十多年的历史，科学家们为此付出了巨大的努力，然而，这个被世人深切盼望的疫苗却迟迟不肯登场，甚至有科学家曾经宣称，疫苗研制成功的希望“非常渺茫”。
2007年9月份，美国默克制药公司叫停了名为“STEP”的关于艾滋病疫苗研制工作的全球性人体试验。因为这项试验的一项中期安全性分析显示，该疫苗既无法保护志愿者们免于遭受致命病毒的侵袭，也不能减少人体免疫缺损病毒感染者体内的病毒数目，它反而有可能增加某类临床试验参与者的艾滋病病毒感染风险。由于一种感冒病毒导致参与艾滋病疫苗临床试验的感染者对艾滋病病毒变得十分敏感，之前感染过这种感冒病毒的感染者，注射疫苗后，可能更容易被病毒感染。而接种艾滋病疫苗的效果并不优于使用安慰剂。这一历时十年研制的艾滋病疫苗终于失败告终。
这种疫苗是以一种感冒病毒作为载体，将HIV基因送入受试者体内激发免疫系统。令人担忧的是，体内有这一感冒病毒抗体的受试者在注射HIV疫苗后，CD4细胞激增，而CD4细胞是HIV病毒的主要攻击对象，这种细胞感染HIV病毒后，会降低人体免疫系统的功能，患者可能会因此死于癌症或者是其他感染。贝斯以色列女执事医疗中心的Dan Barouch认为，这种疫苗反而是火上浇油。
目前，由贝斯以色列女执事医疗中心的免疫学家Dan Barouch领导的研究小组通过研究注射疫苗后人体的血液样本做了针对“STEP”试验中遇到的以上情况的初步安全分析，结果发现，注射疫苗后，对此种感冒病毒有抗体的受试者的CD4细胞的数量与无抗体者并无显著差别。而另一个由美国宾夕法尼亚医学院的Micheal Betts领导的研究小组同样对注射疫苗后的人体血液样本做了相关分析后，得出了相同的结论。Dan Barouch提出，这一结论可以适当减轻人们对艾滋病疫苗的恐慌。
如今，这两个研究小组都无法对具有这种感冒病毒抗体的受试者注射艾滋病疫苗后反而易感染艾滋病病毒这一现象作出科学合理的解释。牛津大学的病毒学家阿德里安.希尔认为，艾滋病疫苗失败的最大原因还是在于它无法激发足够的免疫能力对抗艾滋病病毒。
本文译自newscientist，作者：Andy Coghlan (本文来源：网易探索 作者：SE7EN)
AIDS vaccine research and development of difficult: can not stimulate immunity
http://www.dayoo.com http://www.dayoo.com 2009-07-30 11:45 Source: Netease explore
Oxford University virologist Adrian. Hill believes that the failure of AIDS vaccine is still the biggest reason is that it can not be enough to stimulate immunity against HIV.
HIV (data)
The development of an AIDS vaccine to date has been more than two decades of history, scientists have paid a great deal of effort, however, this was very much hope that the world has refused the vaccine enters the stage, and even some scientists have claimed that the success of vaccine development the hope of a "very slim."
September 2007, the United States pharmaceutical company Merck halt called "STEP" on the development of AIDS vaccine human trials worldwide. Because the pilot of an interim safety analysis revealed that the vaccine can not protect volunteers from being deadly viruses, can not reduce the human immunodeficiency virus-infected virus number, it is likely to increase rather than a particular type participants in clinical trials, the risk of HIV infection. Led to a flu virus as a result of participation in AIDS vaccine clinical trials of HIV-infected people become very sensitive to this kind of infection before the influenza virus infection, after vaccination, may be more vulnerable to infection. And the effect of the vaccine against AIDS is not superior to placebo. The last decade has finally developed an AIDS vaccine failure.
The vaccine is a flu virus as a vector, the HIV genes into the body to stimulate the immune system subjects. What is worrisome is that the body of the influenza virus antibodies were HIV vaccine after the injection, CD4 cell proliferation, and the HIV virus, CD4 cells are the main target of attack, the cells infected with HIV virus, will lower the body's immune the function of the system, the patient may die of cancer or other infections. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Dan Barouch that this vaccine is adding fuel to the fire.
At present, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center immunologist Dan Barouch research team led by studying the post-vaccination blood samples are taken for the "STEP" test encountered in the above preliminary safety analysis found that after vaccination against influenza virus antibodies such subjects the number of CD4 cells and no antibodies were no significant differences. And the other by the United States Micheal Betts of Pennsylvania School of Medicine research team led by the same to the human body after vaccination blood samples to do the relevant analysis, reached the same conclusion. Dan Barouch suggested that this conclusion may be appropriate to alleviate people's fear of an AIDS vaccine.
Now, the two study groups are unable to have such a cold virus antibodies were injected after the AIDS Vaccine AIDS virus but susceptible to the phenomenon of scientific and rational explanation. Oxford University virologist Adrian. Hill believes that the failure of AIDS vaccine is still the biggest reason is that it can not be enough to stimulate immunity against HIV.
In this paper, translated from newscientist, Author: Andy Coghlan (This article Source: Netease exploration Author: SE7EN)
