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凄凉的“被艾滋”故事 失灵的纠错机制
来源：北青网-北京青年报(2009/08/21 09:06)
今日社评 本报评论员 李星文
2003年，老实巴交的天水农民李建平被戴上艾滋病的“帽子”，他的家庭因这个突如其来的变故而趋于崩溃……四年后，李建平却被通知：艾滋病自愈了。《西部商报》的记者就此咨询了中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制专家，被告知所谓“自愈”说是没有可能的。此事曝光后，李建平的遭遇被舆论命名为“被艾滋”和“被痊愈”。
“被××”正在变成社会热门词汇，一个“被”字尽显当事人的辛酸与无奈。大学生完成学业后无法找到工作，但学校说不就业就不能拿到毕业证，于是虚假的就业证明横空出世，很多待业学生“被就业”。李建平则是先在一次采血化验中莫名其妙地“被艾滋”，四年之后更加莫名其妙地“被痊愈”。在这些荒诞戏剧般的真实故事中，处于弱势的当事人被呼来喝去、任意摆布，一个公民应有的权利得不到行使，一个常人应有的尊严得不到维护，其中的凄凉和屈辱，实非旁人所能体味。
细看李建平的离奇故事，头一回被查出艾滋病尚属于正常概率内的误差。是人就可能出现失误，机器也做不到万无一失，在大量的血样检测中出现个别错误结果并不奇怪。然而，科学之所以为科学，就是它要求任何结论都能经得起重复印证。李建平在四年间进行了跟踪血样检测16次，从来没有人向他出示过一张再度证明他患上艾滋病的血样化验单，反倒是当地疾控中心的官员在记者的追问之下不得不承认：2006年就发现李建平的身体是好的。可见，李建平“被艾滋”的过程轻率潦草，不符合基本的诊疗程序。
更可气的是“被痊愈”的过程：就按当地疾控中心的说法，2006年发现李建平没问题，可是直到2007年10月才通知到他本人。明知道李建平因为背负着艾滋之名而备受折磨，却迟迟不肯启动纠错程序，足见检测链条上的这些人对病人利益的漠不关心，对自身职责的漫不经心。最后实在拖不下去了，他们竟然发明了一种堪称医学奇迹的说法：艾滋病自愈。这种毫无为官之德的官员和缺少恻隐之心的医务工作者，应该受到全社会的共同谴责，应该受到党纪、政纪的严厉处罚，非如此不足以告慰受害者，警示后来人。
在呼吁启动行政问责程序之外，我们也应该深入反思一下：纠错机制为什么失灵到了这种地步？出于自利的考虑，那些工作中失误的人为了保全颜面和逃避问责，一定会想办法回避和掩盖自己的过错。既然个人的自发纠错不现实，那么公共服务部门就必须建立一套互相监督和集体纠错的机制。首先是任何结论的得出都要在内部真正经过复查程序，发现问题要及时纠正，不能虚应其事，坑害当事人。还有就是要建立独立投诉制度，群众在与公共服务部门打交道时发现了疑点、产生了纠纷，应该有一个与该部门利益无关的地方去投诉，这个地方接到投诉后必须及时响应，查明事实。就像香港的廉政公署一样，一旦发现公务员有危害市民的情状，就会铁面无私地启动调查程序，给出公正的说法。
我们极不情愿地看到，纠错机制失灵的情况在其他领域也时有出现，有些甚至造成了人命冤案。1995年，河北青年聂树斌以强奸罪、故意杀人罪被执行死刑。十年之后，真凶现身坦白了罪行，可是聂树斌案至今没有平反昭雪。与聂树斌案相似的还有内蒙古的呼格吉勒图案，一样的草率定案于前，一样的拒不改错于后。现在，我们正在努力建设法治社会，当然不允许此类事情一再发生。那么，在各领域建立强力的纠错机制，就成了刻不容缓的事情。
Bleak "is living" the story of the failure of the error correction mechanism
来源：北青网-北京青年报(2009/08/21 09:06)
Today, our editorial commentator Li Xing Wen
In 2003, the Tianshui老实巴交farmers AIDS Li Jianping was put on the "hat", his family due to the sudden changes and tends to collapse ... ... Four years later, Li Jianping was notified: Self-healing of AIDS. "Western Daily," the reporter consulted the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention of STD and AIDS prevention and control experts, was told that the so-called "self-healing" that is not possible. The matter came to light, Li Jianping was the face of public opinion called "HIV has been" and "recovery."
"Is × ×" is becoming popular social terms, a "being" to show the hardships and frustrations of the parties. After students complete their studies can not find a job, but the school did not graduate employment will not be able to get permits, proof of employment was false横空born, a lot of unemployed students "were in employment." Li Jianping was first tested in a blood inexplicably "was living," even more inexplicably, after four years "has been cured." Absurd drama in these stories as true, in a weak position of the party being called drink to the mercy of a citizen shall have the right to not exercise, people should have the dignity of a lack of maintenance, the miserable and humiliating them , is not other people can appreciate.
Li Jianping, look at the strange story of the first AIDS was found to belong to normal is still within the error probability. Human errors may occur, the machine could not be perfect in a lot of blood test results when a particular error is not surprising. However, the scientific reason for the science, the conclusion is that it can withstand any duplication of evidence. Li Jianping was conducted in a four-year follow-up blood testing 16 times, no one has ever had to show him once again to prove that he suffered from an AIDS blood test alone, but rather the local CDC officials asked the reporters had to admit under: Li Jianping, 2006, found the body is good. Can be seen, Li Jianping, "has been living with" the process of lightly scribble, the clinics do not meet the basic procedures.
More annoying is the "being healed" the process: on the local CDC that found that in 2006, Li Jianping, no problem, but until October 2007 was notified to him. Li Jianping know because the burden of HIV has been the name of torture, but has been unwilling to activate error-correcting procedure, shows the chain on the detection of these people indifferent to the interests of patients, careless of their own responsibilities. Finally, do not drag it any longer, they actually invented a medical miracle that can be called: AIDS, self-healing. There is no such official of the German officials and the lack of compassion of the medical workers should be the common condemnation of the whole society should be subject to discipline, or discipline, harsh punishment, not enough to comfort the victims of non-case, warning people later.
Call for accountability in the administrative procedures to start, we should also reflect in depth: Why error-correcting mechanism of failure to this point? For self-serving considerations, those who work in the mistakes to avoid in order to preserve the face and the accountability will be to find ways to avoid and cover up its own fault. Since the individual unrealistic self-correcting, then the public service must establish a set of mutual monitoring and collective error correction mechanism. First of all, any conclusions drawn must be true after internal review procedures, identify problems to be corrected in time, can not be false to be true, entrap party. There is to establish an independent complaints system, the masses in dealing with the public service found that the doubt, have had a dispute, there should be an interest in the sector has nothing to do with a place to lodge complaints, this place must be timely received in response to complaints, to identify facts. Just as Hong Kong's Independent Commission Against Corruption, once found there is a danger to the civil service-like situation, the investigation will be impartial and incorruptible to start the process, given a fair argument.
I really do not prefer to see that the error correction mechanism for failure in other areas also appear from time to time, some even resulted in the wrong life. In 1995, Hebei Youth聂树斌for rape, murder, was executed. Ten years later, he added, frankly coming out of the offense, but the case has not聂树斌rehabilitates.聂树斌case and there are similar patterns in Inner Mongolia格吉勒the call, the same as in hasty decision before the same error in refusing to post. Now, we are trying to build the rule of law, of course, does not allow the recurrence of such things. So, in all areas of the establishment of strong error correction mechanism, the matter has become urgent.
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