【慧聪制药工业网】曾经有过一次卖血经历的李秀琴，在一次检查中，查出“患有艾滋病”，从此，丈夫和儿子离家出走，娘家人也和她断绝了来往，亲戚朋友更是躲着她。李秀琴就这样孤单地过了五年，在这五年中，她两次试图自杀。在五年后，李秀琴感觉脸色日渐好转，再去检查时，结果显示李秀琴根本没有艾滋病。这两次检查，到底哪个才是正确的？检查机构是否有问题？是否应该承担责任，而这五年的因艾滋病而承受的冷漠又该如何赔偿？如果自杀成功岂不白白丢了性命。其实，只要正确认识艾滋病，李秀琴就不会承受这么大的压力，周围的人也不必如此冷漠对待艾滋病患者。
艾滋病，即获得性免疫缺陷综合症（又译：后天性免疫缺陷症候群），英语缩写AIDS（Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome）的音译。1981年在美国首次注射和被确认。曾译为“爱滋病”、“爱死病”。分为两型：HIV-1型和HIV-2型，是人体注射感染了“人类免疫缺陷病毒”（HIV-humanimmunodeficiencyvirus）（又称艾滋病病毒）所导致的传染病。艾滋病被称为“史后世纪的瘟疫”，也被称为“超级癌症”和“世纪杀手”。
截至2010年10月底，我国累计报告艾滋病病毒感染者和病人37万余例，其中死亡6.8万余例。局部地区和特定人群疫情严重，云南、广西、河南、四川、新疆和广东6省区累计报告感染者和病人数占全国77.1％。
艾滋病的传播途径
艾滋病传染主要是通过性行为、体液的交流而传播，母婴传播。体液主要有：精液、血液、阴道分泌物、乳汁、脑脊液和有神经症状者的脑组织中。其他体液中，如眼泪、唾液和汗液，存在的数量很少，一般不会导致艾滋病的传播。唾液传播艾滋病病毒的可能性非常小。所以一般接吻是不会传播的。但是如果健康的一方口腔内有伤口，或者破裂的地方，同时艾滋病病人口内也有破裂的地方，双方接吻，艾滋病病毒就有可能通过血液而传染。汗液是不会传播艾滋病病毒的。艾滋病病人接触过的物体也不可能传播艾滋病病毒的。但是艾滋病病人用过的剃刀，牙刷等，可能有少量艾滋病病人的血液；毛巾上可能有精液。如果和病人共用个人卫生用品，就可能被传染。但是，因为性乱交而得艾滋病的病人往往还有其他性病，如果和他们共用个人卫生用品，即使不会被感染艾滋病，也可能感染其他疾病。所以个人卫生用品不应该和别人共用。一般的接触并不能传染艾滋病，所以艾滋病患者在生活当中不应受到歧视，如共同进餐、握手等都不会传染艾滋病。艾滋病病人吃过的菜，喝过的汤是不会传染艾滋病病毒的。艾滋病病毒非常脆弱，在离开人体，如果暴露在空气中，没有几分钟就会死亡。艾滋病虽然很可怕，但该病毒的传播力并不是很强，它不会通过我们日常的活动来传播，也就是说，我们不会经亲吻、握手、拥抱、共餐、共用办公用品、共用厕所、游泳池、共用电话、打喷嚏等，而感染，甚至照料病毒感染者或艾滋病患者都没有关系。
艾滋病的预防
目前尚无预防艾滋病的有效疫苗，因此最重要的是采取预防措施。其方法是：
①坚持洁身自爱，不卖淫、嫖娼，避免婚前、婚外性行为。
②严禁吸毒，不与他人共用注射器。③不要擅自输血和使用血制品，要在医生的指导下使用。④不要借用或共用牙刷、剃须刀、刮脸刀等个人用品。⑤受艾滋病感染的妇女避免怀孕、哺乳。⑥使用避孕套是性生活中最有效的预防性病和艾滋病的措施之一。⑦要避免直接与艾滋病患者的血液、精液、乳汁和尿液接触，切断其传播途径。预防艾滋病的最简单的办法就是每次性交的时候，为了避免有体液的交流，一定用避孕套。所以在西方一些国家，有些学校和组织都发放免费的避孕套。但是没有必要同时使用二个避孕套，反而容易造成破裂。吸毒者，绝对不可以和别人共用针具。艾滋病病毒不会通过空气、食物、水等一般日常生活接触传播。艾滋病的传播主要与人类的社会行为有关，完全可以通过规范人们的社会行为而被阻断，是能够预防的。
Under pressure suffering from AIDS, two suicide AIDS prevention
2010/12/20/20: 40 Source: Baidu
【Network】 HC pharmaceutical industry has had a blood-selling CIVIL experience, in an examination, found "with AIDS", since then, her husband and son left home, her family has cut off contacts with her friends and relatives is hiding from her. Li Hsiu-chin so over five years alone, in the past five years, she twice tried to commit suicide. Five years later, his face growing CIVIL feel better, go check showed no CIVIL AIDS. The two checks, in the end which is correct? Check the organization have the problem? Should take responsibility, which under five years of indifference by AIDS How should compensation? If you succeed, it not lost their lives in vain. In fact, as long as the correct understanding of AIDS, will not bear such a large CIVIL pressure, people around do not have to be so cold to treat AIDS patients.
AIDS, the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (also translated: acquired immune deficiency syndrome), English acronym AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) in transliteration. The first injection in the United States in 1981 and was confirmed. Has been translated as "AIDS", "love disease." Divided into two types: HIV-1-and HIV-2 type, is injected with infected human "human immunodeficiency virus" (HIV-humanimmunodeficiencyvirus) (also known as the AIDS virus) caused by infectious diseases. AIDS is called "History of the plague after the century", also known as "super cancer" and "Century killer."
As of the end of October 2010, the cumulative reported HIV infection and the patient more than 37 cases, of which 6.8 million cases of death. Specific populations of local areas and the epidemic is serious, Yunnan, Guangxi, Henan, Sichuan, Xinjiang and Guangdong provinces reported a total of 6 infected and the number of patients accounting for 77.1%.
AIDS transmission
AIDS is mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse, exchange of body fluids spread of mother to child transmission. Body fluids include: semen, blood, vaginal secretions, breast milk, cerebrospinal fluid and neurological symptoms of brain tissue. Other body fluids, such as tears, saliva and sweat, there is a small number, generally will not result in the spread of AIDS. The possibility of transmission of HIV in saliva is very small. Therefore, the general kissing is not spread. However, if the party of oral health within the wound, or break a place, while the population of AIDS patients there is also a breakdown of where the two kissing, AIDS virus will be transmitted through blood. Sweat is not the spread of AIDS virus. AIDS patients can not come into contact with the object transmission of HIV. But AIDS patients used razors, toothbrushes, etc., there may be a small amount of blood of AIDS patients; towels may be semen. If and patients share personal hygiene items, can be transmitted. However, because of sexual promiscuity derived from AIDS patients often have other sexually transmitted diseases, if they share personal hygiene items and, if not to be infected with HIV may also be infected with other diseases. Therefore, personal hygiene products should not be shared with others. General contact and can not transmit AIDS, so AIDS patients should not be discriminated against them in life, such as sharing a meal, shaking hands and so will not transmit AIDS. AIDS eaten the food, drink the soup is not infected with HIV. AIDS virus is very fragile, leaving the human body, if exposed to air, will die a few minutes. Although AIDS is terrible, but the spread of the virus is not very strong force, it does not through our daily activities to spread, that is, we do not by kissing, shaking hands, hugging, sharing meals, sharing of office supplies, shared toilets, swimming pool, shared telephone, sneezing, etc., but infection, or even care for HIV or AIDS are not related.
AIDS prevention
There is no effective vaccine to prevent AIDS, the most important thing is to take preventive measures. The methods were:
① adhere to be sure that is not prostitution, visiting prostitutes, to avoid premarital and extramarital sex.
② prohibited drugs, not sharing syringes with others. ③ Do not use without blood transfusion and blood products, to be used under the guidance of a doctor. ④ Do not borrow or share toothbrushes, razors, razor and other personal items. ⑤ HIV-infected women to avoid pregnancy, breast-feeding. ⑥ use of condoms in sexual life is the most effective measures for prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS. ⑦ directly with AIDS patients to avoid blood, semen, breast milk and urine exposure, cutting off the route of transmission. AIDS prevention is the easiest way to have sex every time, in order to avoid exchange of body fluids, always use condoms. So, in some Western countries, some schools and organizations are free distribution of condoms. But there is no need to use two condoms at the same time, but likely to cause rupture. Drug addicts, and others must not share needles. HIV is not transmitted through air, food, water and other ordinary everyday contact. AIDS virus is spread primarily concerned with human social behavior is entirely possible to regulate people's social behavior by being blocked, is to be prevented.
