中国将探索建立经输血感染艾滋病保险制度
2011年02月17日 15:47 来源：财新网
在医疗、药物制度方面，基本药物目录中将适当增加抗艾滋病病毒治疗和机会性感染治疗药品的种类，并加大对抗艾滋病病毒药品生产的扶持力度
【财新网】（记者 兰方）艾滋病疫情在中国部分地区已进入高流行状态，防治任务艰巨。对此国务院专门发文要求加强防治，包括探索建立经输血感染艾滋病保险制度。
2011年12月16日全文发布的《国务院关于进一步加强艾滋病防治工作的通知》（下称《通知》），要求疫情严重地区要实施艾滋病防治工作“一把手”负责制，并多渠道筹集防治资金，提高资金使用效益。
《通知》提出，将进一步扩大艾滋病防治工作覆盖面。地方政府要组织各类医疗卫生机构主动开展艾滋病病毒、梅毒检测咨询，疫情严重地区要将检测咨询纳入婚前自愿医学检查内容。
为预防艾滋病毒母婴传播，《通知》要求提供孕产期保健及助产技术服务的医疗卫生机构须为孕产妇提供艾滋病病毒、梅毒检测，对感染艾滋病病毒、梅毒的孕产妇及其所生婴幼儿免费提供治疗、预防性用药、随访等系列干预措施。
针对艾滋病毒经性途径传播的问题，《通知》要求在严厉打击卖淫嫖娼、聚众淫乱等违法犯罪活动的同时，重点加强对有易感染艾滋病病毒危险行为人群综合干预工作，在公共场所开展艾滋病防治知识宣传，摆放安全套或安全套销售装置。同时将加强艾滋病病毒感染者和病人的随访和管理，“督促”其将感染或发病事实及时告知与其有性关系者，并加强对性病病人的治疗和综合干预。
中国中部一些省份，曾出现因有偿卖血感染艾滋病的事件，因窗口期输血感染艾滋病的案例亦有发生。《通知》再次强调要加大采供血管理力度，并首次提出，卫生、保险监督管理等部门要探索建立经输血感染艾滋病保险制度。
在医疗、药物制度方面，《通知》要求卫生、人力资源社会保障等部门要在基本药物目录中适当增加抗艾滋病病毒治疗和机会性感染治疗药品的种类，扩大用药范围，并逐步提高基本医疗保障水平。同时有关部门要加大对抗艾滋病病毒药品生产的扶持力度，对进口和国产抗艾滋病病毒治疗药品按规定给予税收优惠。
卫生、公安、食品药品监督管理等部门要提高药物维持治疗服务质量，建立强制隔离戒毒、社区戒毒、社区康复和药物维持治疗相互衔接的治疗机制以及异地服药的保障机制，使吸毒人员最大限度纳入药物维持治疗机构进行治疗。在药物维持治疗难以覆盖的地方，则继续开展清洁针具交换工作。
此外，地方政府须落实国家免费抗病毒治疗政策，坚持就地治疗原则，完善家庭治疗和社区治疗服务网络，加强对感染者和病人的定期检测，建立病人异地治疗保障机制。
《通知》同时要求民政部门落实受艾滋病影响儿童福利保障政策，各主管部门切实保障艾滋病病毒感染者和病人及其家庭成员在就医、就业、入学等方面的合法权益。同时，将加强对社会力量开展艾滋病防治工作的指导和管理，民政部门要支持相关社会组织注册登记。
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| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
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China will explore the establishment of HIV infection through blood transfusion insurance system
At 15:47 on February 17, 2011 Source: Finance new network
In the medical, pharmaceutical system, the essential drug list will be increased anti-HIV therapy and opportunistic infection treatment drug type, and to increase the production of drugs against AIDS, efforts to support HIV
New network】 【Finance (press blue side) parts of the AIDS epidemic in China has entered a state of high prevalence, prevention task is arduous. The State Council issued a document which specifically called for the strengthening prevention, including HIV infection through blood transfusion explore the establishment of the insurance system.
December 16, 2011 Full release of the "State Council on further strengthening AIDS prevention and control work," ("the Notice"), the epidemic-hit areas required to implement AIDS prevention and control "in charge" responsibility system, and control multiple channels to raise funds improve capital efficiency.
"Notice" proposed, will further expand the coverage of AIDS. Local governments should take the initiative to organize various types of medical and health institutions to carry out HIV and syphilis testing and counseling, the epidemic-hit areas to voluntary testing and counseling into the premarital medical examination content.
For the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV, "notice" requirement to provide prenatal care and midwifery services, medical and health institutions shall be provided for pregnant women with HIV, syphilis, HIV infection, syphilis born to pregnant women and their infants and young children free treatment, preventive medication, follow-up and other interventions.
Response to HIV through sexual transmission problems, "notice" requirement in cracking down on prostitution, debauchery and other illegal and criminal activities mob at the same time, focus on strengthening a vulnerable population of HIV risk behaviors comprehensive intervention, prevention and treatment of AIDS in a public place propaganda, placing condoms or condom sales device. At the same time will strengthen HIV infection and the patient follow-up and management, "urging" the fact that it will promptly inform the onset of infection or sexual relations with persons, and to enhance the treatment of STD patients and comprehensive intervention.
Some provinces in central China, there have been compensation for selling blood infected with HIV because of the incident, because the window of the blood transfusion AIDS cases have occurred. "Notice" once again stressed the need to increase the blood collection and supply management efforts, and the first time, health, insurance, supervision and management departments should explore the establishment of HIV infection through blood transfusion insurance system.
In the medical, pharmaceutical systems, "notification" requirements of health, social security and other departments of human resources in the essential drugs list to be increased in the anti-HIV therapy and opportunistic infection treatment drug type, expand the scope of medication and gradually increase the basic medical insurance level. At the same time departments to increase the fight against HIV drug production to support efforts to imported and domestic anti-HIV treatment drugs shall be given tax breaks.
Health, public security, food and drug administration and other departments to improve the quality of service of drug maintenance therapy, the establishment of compulsory isolation rehabilitation, community rehabilitation, community rehabilitation and maintenance treatment of drug mechanisms and treatment of the interface between the protection of remote medication mechanism to maximize the inclusion of drug addicts maintenance treatment of drug treatment agencies. Difficult in the maintenance treatment of drug coverage, the continuation of needle exchange work.
In addition, local governments must implement the national policy of free anti-virus treatment, adhere to the principle of local therapy, family therapy and community treatment improve the service network to enhance the infection and the patient's regular testing, the establishment of protection mechanisms for remote treatment of patients.
"Notice" also asked the Home department of welfare of children affected by AIDS, the implementation of security policies, effective protection of the competent department of HIV patients and their family members and medical care, employment, schooling and other aspects of legal rights. At the same time, will strengthen the social forces to carry out AIDS prevention guidance and management, civil affairs departments to support the related social organizations registered.
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