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2011年可谓科学和医学突破迭出的一年
来源：黑龙江新闻网-家庭保健报 2011年05月31日13:29
2010年可谓科学和医学突破迭出的一年，德国医生宣布治愈了一名艾滋病患者；另外，科学家首次制造出了“人造细胞”。那么，2011年可能会涌现出哪些重大医学进步呢？美国《趣味科学》网站报道了医学专家给出的全新预测。
最新HIV疫苗研究结果将宣布
2010年12月，德国科学家在美国《血液》月刊上发表报告称，他们通过骨髓移植疗法“治愈”了一名艾滋病患者。虽然有专家指出，德国医生治疗艾滋病的方法非常受限，因为仅有少部分艾滋病患者可以找到能自然对抗艾滋病病毒的匹配骨髓。
因此，希望仍然在于艾滋病病毒疫苗的研发，科学家有望于2011年中期公布对这种疫苗进行研究的结果。
冰冻心脏让病人重获“心”生
美国心脏协会表示，全美有220万人饱受心房颤动之苦，心房颤动可能导致病患疲劳、呼吸短促甚至中风。不过，一种可以将心脏组织冰冻的设备会让他们脱离苦海。
研究人员称，在临床试验中，冷冻球囊的治疗效果是抗心律失常药物的10倍，且安全性与后者相似。在使用冷冻球囊治疗的患者中，房颤完全消除的几率为70%，而使用其他药物治疗的患者，房颤完全消除的几率只有7%。
“胃束带”让更多人减肥成功
据统计数字显示，720万美国人属于肥胖者，很多肥胖者都希望通过胃束带手术达到减肥的目的。尽管研究显示，从某种意义上来说，胃束带减肥手术可能是最有效的治疗方式，但其在美国一直饱受争议。
胃束带手术的实质就是将绷带缠绕在胃的上部，通过减少病人达到饱足感所需要的进食量来达到减重目的。
基因组将为人们找到合适药物
国际心血管病专家、美国斯克利普斯转化科学研究所所长埃里克·托普尔表示，10年前，测序一个完整的人类基因组可能要30亿美元；2010年其成本降到1万美元左右。2011年，其成本有望降到4000美元。
同时，研究人员发现，人体内的两个基因可以决定病人如何对药物做出反应，这样就可以根据基因分析的结果，指导患者用药，将会节省大量成本，让患者不再长期服用那些昂贵的、对疾病没有丝毫帮助的药物。
基因组研究有助于理解癌症
托普尔预测，基因组测序成本的降低也会给癌症研究带来好消息，“因为测序变得如此便宜、迅捷”。癌症研究人员将可以把病人天生的基因组和其肿瘤导致的变异基因组进行比较，以此找到导致癌症的基因。
郭阳
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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Can be described as science and medicine in 2011 after another year of breakthroughs
Source: Heilongjiang News Network - Family Health reported that at 13:29 on May 31, 2011
2010 can be described as scientific and medical breakthroughs in one after another year, the German doctor declared cured an AIDS patient; In addition, the scientists produced the first "artificial cells." Then, in 2011 which may emerge major medical progress? United States, "Fun Science" Web site reported that medical experts presented a new forecast.
New HIV vaccine research results will be announced
December 2010, German scientists in the United States, "Blood" magazine published the report, they passed bone marrow transplantation therapy "cured" of an AIDS patient. Although experts pointed out that German doctors cure for AIDS is very limited, because only a small part of the AIDS patients can find a natural bone marrow match against HIV.
Therefore, the hope still lies in the development of HIV vaccines, scientists expected to be announced in mid-2011 study on the results of this vaccine.
Frozen heart of the patient to regain the "heart" of Health
American Heart Association, the nation's 220 million people suffering from the pain of atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation may lead to patient fatigue, shortness of breath and even stroke. However, one can of frozen heart tissue, the device will allow them to misery.
The researchers said that in clinical trials, the therapeutic effect of frozen balloon is 10 times the anti-arrhythmic drugs, and safety and the latter similar. In patients treated with balloon in the freezer, completely eliminate the risk of atrial fibrillation was 70%, while patients treated with other drugs, completely eliminate the risk of atrial fibrillation only 7%.
"Gastric banding" to allow more people to lose weight successfully
According to statistics, 720 million Americans are obese, many obese people hope to achieve weight loss through gastric banding purposes. Although studies have shown that, in a sense, the gastric banding weight loss surgery may be the most effective treatment, but has been controversial in the United States.
The essence of gastric banding surgery, a bandage wrapped around the upper stomach, satiety achieved by reducing the patient's food intake required to achieve weight loss goal.
Genome to find the right medication for people
International experts in cardiovascular disease, Scripps Translational Science Institute said Eric Poole, Hector, 10 years ago, sequencing a complete human genome may be to 30 billion U.S. dollars; 2010, its cost down to $ 10,000 so. In 2011, the cost is expected to drop $ 4,000.
Meanwhile, the researchers found that two genes in the human body can determine how patients respond to drugs, so that the results of genetic analysis can guide the patients with medication, will be significant cost savings, so that long-term use in patients who are no longer expensive of disease without the slightest help of drugs.
Help to understand the cancer genome research
Tuo Puer prediction, genome sequencing cost reductions will bring good news to cancer research, "because the sequencing has become so cheap, quick." Cancer researchers will be able to put patients and their natural genomic variability caused by the tumor genome were compared, in order to find genes that cause cancer.
Yang Guo
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