全球基金项目向中国NGO开放 将招募一个次级执行机构
2011年08月05日 08:22 来源：财新网 作者：戴廉
此前该基金的执行主要靠中国疾病预防控制中心。今后，全球基金将在中国招募一个次级执行机构，管理一定比例的防控艾滋病项目资金，支持社区组织和艾滋病毒感染者组织
【财新网】(记者 戴廉)日前，全球基金RCC艾滋病项目发出招标启事，正式面向中国的非政府组织(NGO)招标。中标的非政府组织将获得全球基金的资助，专职负责管理防治艾滋病的社区组织参与事务。
因对资金管理有意见、民间组织参与不够，今年5月，全球抗击艾滋病、结核病和疟疾基金会(The Global Fund to Fight AIDS， Tuberculosis and Malaria，下称“全球基金”)冻结了在中国的所有支出，涉及金额上亿美元。而早在2010年11月，全球基金就停止了对中国艾滋病防治领域的支持。
“全球基金”在中国开展项目，目前主要依托中国疾病预防控制中心。该中心作为其中央执行机构(PR)，负责同全球基金签署项目赠款协议；负责中国全球基金项目资金的申请、接收；负责项目的管理和执行、财务管理与审计、下拨资金、监督、评价及项目物资采购与供应管理等。
今后，全球基金要求在中国招募一个次级执行机构(SR)。该机构将专职负责项目的社区组织参与事务。2011-2012年，RCC艾滋病项目会把年度总预算(扣除采购经费后)的25%，用于支持社区组织和艾滋病毒感染者组织。预计该执行机构将管理数百万美元的项目经费。
申请该项目的社会组织，必须符合如下条件：首先，必须具有独立法人资格，有免税资格者优先；其次，有独立的机构银行账号，健全的财务管理制度和内控制度，有固定的办公场所和办公设施及5名以上的专职人员；第三，在艾滋病防治或其他公共卫生领域有5年以上工作经验，具备管理社会/社区组织资金的经验和能力，有国际合作项目执行经验者优先。
“全球基金”是中国在卫生领域最大的国际合作项目。中国在艾滋病、结核病和疟疾防治方面，对“全球基金”的依赖颇大。卫生部数据显示，该项目实施八年来，累计签约资金9.37亿美元，已执行资金5.48亿美元，还有可能得到承诺的经费6.8亿美元。目前该项目已覆盖超过全国三分之二的县、区。
“全球基金”冻结援华资金后，中国政府与全球基金多次沟通、协商。2011年5月30日、6月21日，卫生部部长陈竺曾两次约见相关社区组织代表座谈。据财新记者了解，早在今年年初，中国疾病预防控制中心已承诺，从2011-2012 年艾滋病项目预算中，拿出25%的经费(不含采购预算)资助草根NGO，并成立相应的次级执行机构。
中国疾病预防控制中心的目标是，到2012年6月，在中国全球基金艾滋病项目中，实现两个中央执行机构同时运作，分别负责各地疾病预防控制中心和社会组织的项目运作。但对这一全新的组织架构，中国全球基金内部也存有争议。
5月20日下午，在北京召开的“中国全球基金项目国家协调委员会第三十六次全体会议”上，有代表表达了对中国公民社会及次级执行机构(SR)能力的疑虑。
会议纪要称：“全球基金施压后，在资金(从2010年的500万美元提升到2011年的1350 万美元)和覆盖面(MSM人群检测率达50%)上都制定了雄心勃勃的目标，但上述目标与公民社会能力之间存在巨大的差距。就该次级执行机构而言，快速建立SR资助管理能力和体系面临较大风险”，“有关工作完全要从头开始。”
“SR今后将变成PR，风险也会随之提高，这一进程不能太快。SR管理新系统，设计和检验新的资助机制，特别是考虑到中国这种挑战性很强的环境，至少要有一年的经验。”而次级执行机构成立后，地方政府和公民社会的关系可能遭到削弱。。
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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Chinese NGO Global Fund to open a sub-executing agency will recruit
At 08:22 on August 5th, 2011 Source: financial new network Author: Dai Lian
Prior to the implementation of the Fund mainly by the China Disease Prevention and Control Center. In the future, the Global Fund will perform in China to recruit a secondary institutions, management of AIDS prevention and control of a certain percentage of project funds to support community organizations and HIV organizations
New network】 【Finance (Reporters wear inexpensive) Recently, the Global Fund AIDS project RCC issued a tender notice, the official for the Chinese non-governmental organization (NGO) tender. Successful non-governmental organizations will receive funding the Global Fund, specializing in the management of community-based organizations involved in AIDS issues.
Because of the financial management of the views of participation by civil society organizations, in May this year, Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the "Global Fund") to freeze all in China expenditures involving an amount of billions of dollars. As early as in November 2010, the Global Fund on AIDS prevention in China stopped the field of support.
"Global Fund" projects in China, mainly relying on China Center for Disease Control. The center as its central executive agencies (PR), is responsible for the project with the Global Fund sign grant agreement; for China Global Fund project funding applications received; responsible for project management and implementation, financial management and audit, funds allocated, supervision, evaluation and project material procurement and supply management.
In the future, in China Global Fund requires the recruitment of a secondary actuator (SR). The agency will be responsible for the project full-time community-based organizations participate in the transaction. 2011-2012, RCC AIDS project will total annual budget (net of expenses after purchase) 25%, to support community organizations and HIV organizations. Expected that the implementing agencies to manage millions of dollars in project funding.
Social organization of the project application must meet the following conditions: First, we must have independent legal personality, a tax-exempt status is preferred; Secondly, an independent agency bank account, sound financial management system and internal control system, a fixed office space and office facilities and five or more full-time staff; Third, AIDS or other public health field more than 5 years work experience with management of social / community organizations, financial experience and ability, experience in international cooperation projects is preferred.
"Global Fund" is China's largest international health cooperation projects. China's AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria prevention and treatment of the "Global Fund" considerable reliance. Ministry of Health data show that the implementation of the project eight years, total contract funds $ 937 million, $ 548 million fund has been executed, there is likely to be committed to funding $ 680 million. Currently the project has covered more than two-thirds of the country's counties and districts.
"Global Fund" to freeze the funds for aid to China, the Chinese government and the Global Fund to many communication, consultation. May 30, 2011, June 21, Health Minister Chen Zhu has twice met with representatives of community organizations related discussion. According to financial reporter to understand the new, earlier this year, Chinese Center for Disease Control has undertaken, from the 2011-2012 budget for AIDS programs, out of 25% of funds (excluding procurement budget) funding grass-roots NGO, and set up appropriate times level implementing agencies.
China Disease Prevention and Control Center's goal is to June 2012, in China Global Fund AIDS project, to achieve two central executive agencies operate simultaneously, are responsible for disease prevention and control centers and local community organizations, project operation. But this new organizational structure within the Global Fund China also remains controversial.
May 20 afternoon, held in Beijing, "China Global Fund Country Coordinating the thirty-sixth plenary session", there are representatives expressed China's civil society and the secondary actuator (SR) capacity concerns.
Minutes of the meeting, said: "After pressure from the Global Fund in funding (from $ 5 million in 2010, raised to 13.5 million in 2011 dollars) and coverage (MSM crowd detection rate of 50%), both set ambitious goals, However, the above goals and ability between the civil society there is a huge gap on the secondary actuator, the rapid establishment of SR management and funding system face greater risk, "" work completely from scratch. "
"SR in the future will become a PR, the risk also increases, this process can not be too fast. SR manage the new system, design and test a new funding mechanism, especially given China's environment this very challenging, at least have one year of experience. "And after the establishment of sub-implementing agencies, local governments and civil society relations may have been weakened.
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